Forum for Linguistic Studies

Revisiting Media Criticism in Arabic Literature: Literary Relations and Challenges

2025-04-01T14:14:09+08:00

This research revisits the relationship between literary criticism and media criticism through highlighting their functions, values, and main concepts; as to point out the principles, dimensions and problems of this intricate relationship. This research is divided into the following sections according to the methodological needs it necessitated, such as a description of the current media situation, a detailed account of the relationship between literary criticism and media criticism, and a thorough understanding of the problematic relationship between literary criticism and media criticism, in addition to a detailed explanation of Media criticism relation to literature. This research adopts an analytical, descriptive, and critical approach that aims to clarify the nature of the relationship between literary and media criticism. It examines the concepts and terminology used by Arab critics and distinguishes the roles of literary and media critics. The study also attempts to find out and contextualize new methodological tools that contribute to the development of literary criticism, especially because of the increasing overlap between the two fields as a result of contemporary technological and critical transformations. The research aims to find a better way of looking at Media and Literary criticism from a different interdisciplinary approach.

Influencer Captions and Credibility on Instagram: Investigating Their Impact on Brand Trust, Brand Awareness and Purchase Intention

2025-05-07T14:34:45+08:00

The language used by social media influencers on social media sites plays an important role in how the audience receives the message. This study aims to explore the relationship between the credibility of social media influencers, specifically on Instagram, and consumers’ purchase intention. The study focuses on the mediating role that brand trust and brand awareness play in enhancing this effect. One of the most popular subfields of digital marketing is influencer marketing, which seems to be a good way to reach customers when used in advertising campaigns. However, there is a lack of research on this topic. This research examines the relationship between influencer credibility and purchase intention using brand awareness and brand trust. The results show that influencer credibility has a beneficial effect on purchase intention, brand awareness, and brand trust. In addition, brand awareness influences brand trust. In addition, brand awareness and trust have a beneficial effect on purchase intention. The results of the mediation research showed that brand awareness and trust act as a mediating factor between the positive effects of influencer credibility and purchase intention. Overall, the research contributed to the existing body of knowledge on influencer credibility. In addition to enriching the literature on the topic, the research addressed several management applications that can help marketers make better decisions regarding their collaborations with social media influencers.

Toxic Talk and Narrative Power in Virtual Arenas: A Pragmatic-Narrative Analysis of Impoliteness in Online Game Communication

2025-05-12T16:44:58+08:00

This study examines the phenomenon of language impoliteness in digital communication, especially in online game chat media, using the framework of the theory of impoliteness from Jonathan Culpeper in a pragmatic study. As multiplayer games evolve as complex social interaction spaces, the feature of chats between players is often an arena for speech that is not only aggressive and offensive but also strategic and meaningful. This study aims to identify the form, function, and contextual triggers of impoliteness players use in competitive and dynamic gaming environments. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with documentation techniques as the primary data collection method. Data is collected from Mobile Legends game chat logs and relevant content from popular social media such as Instagram and TikTok. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions based on five strategies of impoliteness within the framework of Culpeper: bald on record, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, mock politeness (sarcasm), and withhold politeness. The study results show that rude speech is used not only as an emotional expression but also as a tool to build dominance, provoke opponents, and strengthen group identity. Repetitive use of rudeness forms a narrative pattern that reflects norms, conflicts, power, and alliances within the digital community. Abusive speech not only acts as face-threatening acts but also becomes part of a social storyline that builds interaction dynamics in the online gaming community. This study makes a real contribution to developing the study of digital pragmatics and narrative linguistics.

The Role of Syntagmas in Sentence Structure and Text

2025-05-12T14:33:14+08:00

This study explores the significance of syntagmas in linguistic speech, with a focus on their critical role in the structuring, organization, and perception of language. Syntagmas - inear sequences of linguistic elements - serve as the building blocks of meaningful communication and are central to how humans process and produce speech. The research examines the dynamic relationships among words, sentences, and syntagmas, highlighting their combined function in text formation and the cohesive flow of discourse. A central and still unresolved question in linguistic theory is the identification of the fundamental unit of speech that underlies the generation of more complex speech structures, including complete texts. This challenge persists due to the conceptual complexity of the issue as well as limitations in existing methodological approaches. The study argues that to produce consistent and meaningful results, linguistic analysis must be grounded in clearly defined principles and employ robust analytical tools. At the core of this investigation is an in-depth analysis of the sentence as a structured speech unit - one that encapsulates a complete thought and thus holds significant explanatory power in understanding how language conveys meaning. By addressing the functional and structural properties of sentences and syntagmas, the research aims to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the mechanisms behind speech production. Ultimately, the study calls for a refinement of linguistic methodologies to better uncover the intricate processes that govern human communication.

Tracking Editorial Footprints: A Process-Oriented Analysis of ChatGPT Reliance in Student Writing

2025-05-27T14:44:51+08:00

In this study, we propose a process-oriented framework centered on “editorial footprints,” which we define as the observable steps in a writer’s drafting and revision process when using generative AI. Fifteen female undergraduate students completed two writing tasks using ChatGPT: one under a quick, minimal-effort condition and another under a thorough, high-effort condition. Participants edited a shared rough draft in Google Docs, while their entire interactions with ChatGPT were recorded and qualitatively analyzed. Results show that while the final text lengths were similar, students in the thorough condition made significantly more edits and employed a broader range of ChatGPT prompts, producing work with greater depth, logical coherence, and style consistency, which left more editorial footprints throughout the writing process. These findings reveal distinct patterns of engagement, prompting, and revision between the two conditions and demonstrate the limitations of current AI detectors, which overlook the full scope of the writing process. Our discussion emphasizes that detection of AI-generated writing should incorporate analysis of the writer's interaction histories and revision behaviors with generative AI tools. We further suggest that understanding these process-based indicators is essential not only for distinguishing AI-assisted writing but also for fostering educational practices that encourage meaningful, reflective engagement with AI in writing.

Cartographies of Meaning: Toponymic Language Reconstruction of Socio-Cultural Narratives in an Indonesian Urban Context

2025-04-18T16:33:19+08:00

Street naming represents a critical component of the linguistic landscape, reflecting the complex sociocultural dynamics of urban environments. This study investigates the toponymic practices of Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, exploring how street names encapsulate collective memory, social identities, and historical transformations in a multilingual and multiethnic urban context. While previous research has largely examined isolated aspects of urban nomenclature, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationships between place names, cultural heritage, and urban development. Employing a qualitative descriptive methodology, the research utilized a multi-method approach, including surveys across six sub-districts, in-depth interviews with government officials and community leaders, and extensive archival document analysis. The investigation focused on tracing the historical evolution of street naming practices and understanding their underlying cultural and social significance. The findings of this 2024 research reveal three main dimensions of street nomenclature in Pontianak City: historical periodization influencing naming practices, multifaceted naming strategies incorporating geographical and cultural elements, and linguistic transformations reflecting ethnic diversity. Street names emerged as sophisticated cultural artifacts that transcend mere geographical markers, serving as repositories of collective memory and social identity. This research contributes significantly to the understanding of urban linguistic landscapes, demonstrating how toponymic studies can illuminate the complex interplay between language, culture, and urban space. The study provides valuable insights into the preservation and interpretation of cultural heritage in dynamic urban environments, offering a nuanced approach to understanding local identity through the lens of street naming.

The Impact of Missionary Education on Dalit Communities in Patna, Bihar

2025-03-28T10:35:17+08:00

This research explores the transformative effects of Christian missionary education on Dalit communities in Patna, Bihar, focusing on academic achievement, social mobility, and employment prospects. The study highlights how access to quality education through missionary efforts has led to significant improvements in literacy rates and has created opportunities for socio-economic advancement among Dalits. Drawing on both historical and contemporary data, the research also examines how missionary education has contributed to shifting societal attitudes and reducing social exclusion. The study utilizes a qualitative research design supported by secondary data analysis, which includes historical records, published literature, government reports, and documents from missionary organizations. Through thematic analysis, the research evaluates the long-term impact of missionary-run schools and institutions on the lives of Dalit individuals. It also incorporates qualitative interviews, case studies, and surveys to capture personal experiences and the perceived benefits of the education received through these institutions. Findings indicate a significant improvement in self-esteem, economic stability, and participation in social and political life among educated Dalits. Missionary education has been shown to play a crucial role in fostering a sense of identity, empowerment, and collective progress within the Dalit community. Despite these achievements, the research also highlights ongoing challenges that missionary institutions face in maintaining their educational goals amidst societal and policy constraints. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the role of faith-based educational initiatives in advancing social justice, equity, and inclusive development for historically marginalized groups in India.

Modeling Semantic Gradience in Natural Language through Fuzzy Set Theory

2025-04-21T16:39:20+08:00

This study explores semantic gradience in natural language by employing fuzzy-set theory to quantitatively to model the continuum of meaning inherent in emotional adjectives. Focusing on the term “happy”, we conducted an experimental case study with 30 participants who rated the word on a 7 -point Likert scale. The raw ratings were normalized to a interval, yielding a mean normalized rating of approximately 0.617 and a standard deviation of about 0.228. A Gaussian fuzzy membership function was derived using these empirical parameters, which effectively captures the smooth transition of membership degrees and the inherent fuzzy boundaries in semantic interpretation. The findings suggest that the meaning of “happy" isn’t simply a binary result; instead, there is a range of degrees of semantic similarity, with vast areas of overlap that conventional categorization approaches don't account for. This quantitative perspective leads to an interface between cognitive-functional linguistics and fuzzy mathematics, which thoroughly expands the insights into linguistic variation. The findings show that fuzzy set theory can enhance the theoretical models used to explain semantics in linguistics and provide useful insights for practitioners in the fields of computational linguistics and natural language processing. Further research extending this methodology to other semantic domains and including more diverse participant samples is warranted to further validate and refine the model.

Contemporary Language Development: Lessons from African Literature for Repositioning and Revitalization of Indigenous African Languages in South African Higher Education

2025-04-15T15:11:34+08:00

In South African higher education, the dominance of English and Afrikaans continues to raise concerns about the marginalization and development of indigenous African languages. Consequently, strategies are being sought on how to revitalize indigenous languages in the higher education sector. This study argues that critical lessons for addressing these challenges and achieving the desired goals can be drawn from African literature. Therefore, this study aims to examine how African literature contributes to the development of indigenous African languages and explore strategies from African literature that can effectively revitalize and promote indigenous African languages in South African higher education. The study is a qualitative study that involves a review of African literary texts. Furthermore, thematic analysis was conducted to identify how African literature contributes to the development of indigenous African languages. Practical lessons and strategies that can inform the revitalization of these indigenous languages within higher education were identified. The identified strategies that were adopted by African literary writers in promoting indigenous languages include: documentation, codification and standardization, vocabulary expansion and modernization, cross-linguistic translation, and hybridization, and code switching. All these would require strong institutional commitment and intellectual investment. Through drawing on lessons from African literature, universities can cultivate a linguistic landscape that preserves indigenous languages and empowers them as vehicles for knowledge creation, innovation, and cultural expression.

Developing CTL-Based Digital Media E-Worksheet for Second Language Learning

2025-04-24T11:05:07+08:00

Currently, technology has influenced human life, including the world of education. Teachers also have to design how the exercises and materials can be used by using a cellphone. One way is CTL-based interactive e-worksheets which is an alternative learning media for popular scientific article text material that can visualize images, audio and video to make it easier for junior high school students to understand Indonesian language learning. This e-worksheet will later be designed using the CTL learning model. The CTL learning model will make students learn to connect everyday life with the material being studied. This research aims to develop CTL-based interactive e-worksheet as a digital medium for studying the text of popular scientific articles. This research uses mixed methods or mixed research. The research model used is 4-D. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and scientific article text reading skill tests. The research results show that (1) the manufacture of CTL-based interactive e-worksheets follows the 4D research model until the deployment stage; (2) the results of e-worksheet validation are included in the very valid category in terms of content suitability, presentation language, and graphics; and (3) product dissemination shows an increase in popular scientific article text reading skills in experimental and control classes. Therefore, CTL-based interactive e-worksheet is suitable for use as a digital learning medium for popular scientific article text material.

Optimizing Linguistic Outcomes in Education: A CRM-Based Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2025-04-10T15:52:01+08:00

In the evolving landscape of education, optimizing linguistic outcomes through Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has emerged as a strategic approach to enhancing student engagement and institutional performance. This study investigates the role of Educational Customer Relationship Management (EdCRM) in supporting language learning within higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Republic of Indonesia. Conducted in 2024, the research draws insights from a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework to examine how institutional capability (IC), student orientation (SO), digital technology (DT), and facilitating conditions (FC) contribute to EdCRM success. Additionally, the study evaluates the impact of FC and EdCRM success on institutional performance (IP) in the context of language education. A validated survey instrument adapted from existing literature was employed, and data were collected through a stratified random sampling method from 537 respondents, comprising students and faculty members. Descriptive statistics indicated that 58% of respondents were female, with an average age of 21.6 years. Data analysis was performed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that IC, SO, and DT significantly enhance EdCRM success, while FC does not have a direct predictive effect. Nevertheless, both FC and EdCRM success positively influence institutional performance. Based on these insights, the study provides practical recommendations for strengthening EdCRM implementation to support language learning and optimize institutional outcomes in higher education.

Challenges of Zero Equivalence in the Development of Tshivenḓa Financial Terms from English

2025-03-14T15:59:09+08:00

This article explores the challenges of zero equivalence in the development of Tshivenḓa financial terms from English, particularly within the broader context of African languages striving for recognition in specialised fields such as finance. The study examines the implications of zero equivalence, where no direct terminology exists for certain financial terms, leading to potential misunderstandings and inconsistencies in financial communication. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through face-to-face structured interviews with ten (10) participants who were working as terminologists, as there are no trained Tshivenḓa terminologists. The findings reveal that these terminologists are aware of the challenges posed by zero equivalence and struggle with specific English financial terms that lack direct Tshivenḓa counterparts. To address these challenges, the study recommends minimising borrowing as a solution and instead suggests alternatives such as paraphrasing and compounding. These strategies help ensure more precise and culturally relevant development of terms, reducing the risk of misinterpretation in financial discourse. By investigating zero equivalence in the development of financial terminology, this research contributes to the growing field of Term Creation Studies and supports Tshivenḓa terminologists in developing effective strategies for creating technical terminology, particularly in finance and other specialised domains. The findings also imply that addressing zero equivalence is not only crucial for linguistic accuracy but is essential for empowering indigenous language communities to participate fully and confidently in formal economic systems.

Quantifying Dialogue Coherence Using Fuzzy Logic Systems

2025-04-17T10:52:05+08:00

This study presents a novel fuzzy logic framework to quantitatively evaluate dialogue coherence, integrating mathematical modeling with an experimental case study approach. Recognizing that dialogue coherence is a continuous and multidimensional construct, we employ fuzzy set theory to design membership functions for critical linguistic variables, including topical continuity, syntactic alignment, and semantic relevance. Unlike traditional binary metrics, our approach computes a continuous coherence score using a weighted aggregation model, where each score is deriving expert-calibrated fuzzy inference rules. The empirical case study uses a heterogeneous dialogue corpus, consisting of interview transcripts and natural conversation recordings. The corpus was split into segments, with the segments annotated by linguistic experts. The Pearson correlation statistical analysis shows a strong correlation between the fuzzy coherence scores and the expert ratings, highlighting the robustness and reliability of the method. The research elaborates on implications for communication studies, such as applications to therapy, education, and human-computer interaction, as well as its limitations like subjectivity in defining the rules or challenges for scaling it. We conclude by proposing several lines of future research, such as incorporating additional variables spanning linguistic and non-verbal aspects and creating methods for automated calibration that would allow the model to personalize itself over time. In summary, our study confirms the usage of fuzzy logic systems with respect to the subtle gradience of dialogue coherence, enriching not just the theoretical notions of a dialogue but also being used as an exhaust model for classification.

The Role of Sentence-final Particles in Dialogue Translation: A Comparative Study on English-to-Cantonese and English-to-Mandarin Translations

2025-05-22T11:44:39+08:00

The current study investigates sentence-final particles, a distinctive means of expressing mood and modality in Modern Chinese. A movie dubbing corpus was categorized into eight fields of activity and analyzed for sentence-final particle usage and frequency proportions. Audiences’ preferences were also examined through a respondent survey. This study conducted a comparative analysis of movie dubbing source texts in English and target texts in Mandarin and Cantonese from both statistical and reception perspectives. The analyses indicate that, while vacant in English, sentence-final particles have a significant role in both Mandarin and Cantonese, as they serve a variety of speech functions in different fields of languages, and are generally indispensable in conveying delicate moods of the dialogues. While the present Mandarin dubbings tend to employ a relatively low frequency of sentence-final particles, the Cantonese dubbings have better met the audiences’ preference in this aspect. Such findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how sentence-final particles affect the quality of mood conveyance in translation practices, and may serve as a reference that sentence-final particles should be better employed based on the fields and contexts of the source texts. This study sheds light on the contributions of SFPs in conveying mood and modality in Mandarin and Cantonese dubbing translations.

Realization Models of Teacher’s Conception of Teaching in English Classroom Interaction

2025-04-02T15:50:31+08:00

This study investigates the realization models of teachers’ conceptions of teaching English at a vocational higher education institution in Indonesia. The research provides theoretical and practical insights for enhancing English instruction in vocational education. Teachers’ conceptions include three key dimensions: the teaching process, content of instruction, and students’ cognitive abilities and motivation. Using a multi-case study design, the research involved 11 English lecturers. Data were collected through classroom observations, syllabus analysis, and interviews. Instruments included structured interview protocols and observation checklists. The findings reveal a partial alignment between teachers’ conceptions and their actual classroom practices. However, full alignment is observed in content delivery and teachers’ understanding of students’ cognitive abilities and motivation. The study also identifies three factors influencing the realization of teaching conceptions: the vocational curriculum, learner-related challenges, and teacher-specific elements. These findings underscore the complex interplay between beliefs and practice in vocational English education and highlight areas for professional development, curriculum design, and policy refinement. Enhancing alignment between conceptions and practices, particularly in the teaching process, may lead to more effective instruction and improved learning outcomes for vocational students in Indonesia.

The Acquisition of English Unergative and Unaccusative Verbs: A Case Study of Lattakian Native Speakers

2025-05-30T21:14:20+08:00

One of the goals of second language acquisition research is to find a theory which can predict and explain what second language learners can acquire. The acquisition of unergative and unaccusative verbs has been one of the issues addressed in second language acquisition. A number of studies indicated that these verbs pose an acquisition problem especially in English L2 acquisition. This study investigates the Lattakian Syrian Arabic speakers’ acquisition of English unergative and unaccusative verbs based on the cross-linguistic, syntactic analyses of the structures involving these verbs across Lattakian Syrian Arabic and English. The paper reports on empirical findings from grammaticality judgment, translation, and picture description tasks in English as a second language. The grammaticality judgment task was meant to tap into learner’s competence on the two verb types, whereas the latter two tasks on their performance. The findings largely support the theoretical position that argues for the existence of first language influence at the early stages of acquisition, and for no fundamental differences in native speaker and second language syntactic representations at later stages of acquisition, a position such as the Full Transfer Full Access hypothesis. The findings also unfold crucial factors which seem to be at play in the acquisition of intransitive verbs, ones such as learners’ world knowledge, and the morphological structure of the verbs at question.

Identifying Preferred Speech Treatment Approaches among Patients with Parkinson's Disease

2025-05-13T11:19:47+08:00

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurological disorder characterized by motor symptoms and significant communication impairments that adversely affect patients' quality of life. Nevertheless, few Parkinson's disease patients seek speech therapy, which may worsen their communication challenges as the disease progresses. Given the limited awareness of Parkinson's disease patient preferences regarding speech approaches, speech therapists face a significant challenge in determining which approaches would be most acceptable to these patients. The aim of this study, therefore, was to identify preferred speech treatment approaches among Saudi patients with Parkinson's disease. A Google Form survey was distributed to PD patients to collect data on their demographics, language difficulties, and treatment preferences, as well as factors influencing these preferences. Findings from 74 Saudi patients with PD indicate a preference for Home Exercise Therapy as a speech treatment approach, due to its convenience in location and scheduling. These results underscore the need to recognize patients' preferred treatment methods to encourage regular participation in speech therapy and potentially mitigate the decline of their communication skills. Future research should explore the long-term effects of allowing PD patients to choose their preferred speech treatment approaches as well as the potential benefits of involving families in the decision-making process.

A Linguistic Investigation of Mental Health Discourse on Instagram: A Transitivity Approach

2025-03-11T15:33:01+08:00

Online discourse has contributed to the widespread dissemination of mental health awareness (MHA) worldwide. These mental health advocacies are mediated using discourse, also known as language in use. However, studies on online MHA, especially from the perspective of applied linguistics in Nigeria, appear to be few. Therefore, this study examined MHA discourse in two purposively selected Instagram platforms: Sanemind and the NEEM Sanctuary. The study’s objective is to identify the discursive contents in the selected platforms and the lexical resources in the selected MHA texts using a mixed method of data analysis. The data were analysed using the transitivity strand of the systemic functional analysis. The data analysis and discussion of findings identified three main themes of diagnosis, treatment, and recovery communicated through the transitivity processes: material, mental, verbal, relational, behavioural, and existential processes. This study concludes that the material process of ‘doing’ and ‘happening’ are the most used verbs for communicating MHA, followed by the verbal process of ‘saying’ and the relational process of ‘being’, which indicates that mental health concerns are more prone to what people do, say and their relationship with self and others. The study recommends that online content creators must ensure the lexical resources employed in mental health awareness communications are accurate, concise, and clear to avoid misrepresentation and misunderstanding of their intended messages. Thus, they may require the services of language and linguistics experts to review their online content.

An Acoustic Analysis of Affricates in Qassimi Arabic

2025-04-29T10:24:12+08:00

The aim of the paper was to analyze affricates in Qassimi Arabic, and to examine their temporal features in comparison with other related obstruents. The target sounds were /ts/, /dz/, /t/, /s/, /d/, /z/, /k/, /g/. Various measurements were made to provide a thorough acoustic analysis of target sounds: The durations of closure, the duration of the friction phase, and the duration of affricates. In addition, the duration of the preceding vowel was also measured, as it was suggested in previous cross-linguistics studies to play a crucial role in affricate. The participants were native speakers of QA, with ages ranging from 20 to 28. The results showed that QA data conform with cross-linguistic features of affricates; the duration of affricate and friction of the voiceless affricate /ts/ were longer than the voiced counterpart /dz/. The duration of closure portion of affricate also showed a difference between the voiced and voiceless affricates, where the latter was longer than the former. Further, the duration of the preceding vowel showed a compensation with the following affricate duration. In particular, the voiceless affricate, which was longer than the voiced one, had shorter preceding vowels. The study provides preliminary and interesting results of affricates in Qassimi Arabic and contributes in filling a gap of the investigation of affricates in Arabic varieties in general.

The Impact of Feedback Mechanisms on Writing Proficiency among Lower Proficiency EFL Learners

2025-05-19T17:53:44+08:00

This study investigates the impact of peer feedback on the writing abilities of lower proficiency English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students and their perceptions of peer writing feedback. A quasi-experimental design was applied to 60 university students, divided into an experimental group that received peer feedback only and a control group that both provided and received peer feedback. Over a period of 8 weeks, both groups produced a series of argumentative writing essays. The experimental group, however, was trained to use a peer review rubric in providing constructive feedback. Pre- and post-tests in the form of timed essays were marked using an analytic guideline corresponding to the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) writing band descriptors. Also, a questionnaire was used as a supplementary tool. The quantitative data were analyzed through paired and independent t-tests to ascertain statistical significance in writing development, and a questionnaire was used to gather data. The findings revealed that EFL learners with lower proficiency benefit from structured peer feedback but struggle with cognitive overload. To improve writing, students need scaffolding and specific, actionable feedback. Teacher guidance and structured feedback promote clarity, engagement, and collaboration, enhancing the educational impact of peer feedback activities.

Analysis of Linguistic Strategies in Naming Restaurants and Street Food Stalls in Thailand: A Comparative Linguistic Landscape

2025-03-31T17:10:21+08:00

The linguistic landscape is a prominent issue that contributes to a better society and an understanding of human language use for communication. This research aims to analyze the linguistic strategies in naming restaurants and street food stalls, termed ergonyms, which are a subset of urbanonyms, in Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. Employing a critical toponymy framework, the study explores how these naming strategies reflect socio-cultural values, marketing practices, and power dynamics. Data consisting of 200 restaurant and stall names were collected. The analysis identified six key linguistic strategies, including code-switching, expressions of politeness and impoliteness, and the integration of logos with textual elements. This study elucidates how linguistic creativity is utilized for marketing purposes in this specific context. The findings contribute to understanding naming preferences and offer valuable insights for businesses seeking to name their establishments effectively, particularly for stall owners and customers. By incorporating these suggestions, this research provides valuable insights into the linguistic landscape of restaurants and street food stalls in Thailand. It is suggested that naming signboards depends on target groups of people and the linguistic, socio-cultural and marketing related factors and strategies. Furthermore, the study contributes to the fields of linguistics, education, and business, offering practical knowledge for businesses operating in this niche market.

From Foreign to Familiar: Transliteration Challenges in the Latinization of Kazakh Exonyms

2025-05-09T16:51:49+08:00

The transition of the Kazakh language from Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet, initiated as part of a broader cultural modernization strategy, has significant implications for the standardization of exonyms - foreign geographical names adapted for use in Kazakh. This article explores the phonological, orthographic, and sociolinguistic challenges that arise in this process, particularly in relation to exonyms inherited from Russian-language conventions or derived from typologically unrelated source languages. Building on transliteration principles established by the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN) and recent corpus-based research, the study develops a stratified model for exonym adaptation in Kazakhstan. Through the analysis of country names, urban toponyms, and natural landmarks, the article examines key linguistic factors such as phoneme inventory compatibility, semantic transparency, and morphological adaptability. A quantitative analysis of Kazakh-language corpora and map-based data reveals that Russian-influenced forms still dominate public discourse and cartographic materials, although there is an observable trend toward direct transliteration from English and other global languages. The study also considers the complexities involved in adapting exonyms from non-alphabetic writing systems, such as Chinese. Ultimately, the paper advocates for a nuanced standardization approach that balances Kazakh phonological integrity with international recognizability, recommending policy measures such as phonetic consistency, public-access digital databases, and educational support for wider implementation.

The Formation of a Postmodern Frame of Reference in the Literary Works by William Golding

2025-04-22T16:38:09+08:00

The article considers the sequence of the early novels by W. Golding with the view to highlight their overall frame of reference in the context of postmodern culture. The concrete works under study are Lord of the Flies, The Inheritors, Pincher Martin, Free Fall and The Spire. A systemic approach to the novels in question allows for building their consolidate genre model with the view to define their general frame of reference. The discursive analysis of meaningful connections between the actual contents and genre forms of the novels series entails the discovery of its mediality channels with the outer currents of philosophical thought and the particular circumstances of the postmodern situation in literature. Further insights into the results of the writer’s experience and contemporary theoretical researches highlight both similarities and essential differences in the attitude of the authors to social and cultural phenomena of postmodernity. The processual findings of this contemporary cross-section study prove the prescience formation of the author’s intelligent design despite its common reference points with concurrent philosophical concepts and academic theories. The eventual outcome of the research leads to the conclusion that the general reference frame of the works under consideration emerged as a comprehensive response of the writer to the objective necessity in postmodern development of literature within the appropriate system of ontological, epistemological, socio-cultural and aesthetic coordinates.

The Role of Mobile Computing in Adaptive Testing for English Language Learners: Personalizing Assessment to Improve Outcomes

2025-05-08T10:39:14+08:00

Mobile computing has revolutionized educational assessment, particularly for English Language Learners (ELLs), by enabling personalized, adaptive testing. Traditional standardized assessments often fail to accommodate the diverse linguistic competencies of ELLs, leading to inaccurate evaluations of their knowledge and skills. The integration of artificial intelligence and mobile computing has given rise to adaptive testing, which dynamically adjusts the difficulty level of test items in real-time, based on a student’s responses. This approach enhances assessment accuracy, fosters engagement, and provides educators with actionable insights through real-time data analytics. Moreover, mobile computing facilitates accessibility, ensuring that students can participate in assessments from any location, using devices such as smartphones and tablets. However, challenges such as the digital divide, data privacy concerns, and the need for teacher training pose obstacles to the widespread implementation of mobile-based adaptive testing. This research paper provides an in-depth exploration of the role of mobile computing in adaptive testing for ELLs, analysing its benefits, limitations, and future directions. Extensive research, case studies, and data-driven insights illustrate how mobile computing can transform assessments, making them more inclusive, equitable, and effective. Infographics and tables are included to provide a comprehensive visual representation of key findings and trends in adaptive testing. Inculcation of qualitative methodology enhances the authenticity of this research, and the results prove that the research withstands the needs of the evolving era.

Attitudes of Jordanian High School Students Towards the Use of Social Media for Learning English

2025-05-15T11:06:13+08:00

Attitude can play a significant role in determining how effectively educational tools are employed. Social media has become an important part of daily life in Jordan, influencing how people interact, communicate and use information. In this study, we will assess the attitudes of Jordanian school students towards the use of social media for learning English and recognize the benefits and challenges for using social media for language learning among such students. To investigate such an objective, a random sampling method was applied to choose 200 participants from two private schools and two public schools. A questionnaire was applied on the subjects to collect the required data. The questionnaire was organized to capture both quantitative and qualitative data. In conclusion, the study shows that Jordanian students have positive attitudes towards using media as a tool for learning English, recognizing its benefits but also acknowledging its limitations. The findings indicate that students hold a generally positive attitude towards social media as a tool for enhancing their English language skills. Most students realize the potential of social media for improving their English, appreciating its diverse resources and engaging nature. They acknowledge that social media can complement traditional learning methods, though they also identify several challenges. The study shows that there are no significant differences in attitudes between students from public and private schools in Jordan. The study ends with recommendations that educators should focus on creating high quality, engaging, and focus on interactive English materials, for social media platforms.

From Ancient Myth to Digital Fires: The Promethean Journey of “Shanghuo” — a TCM Metaphor in Short Video

2025-05-09T16:08:16+08:00

This study, with a focused analysis of “Shanghuo”—a core TCM concept embodying heat pathologies, critically explores the efficacy of digital semiotic systems in illustrating TCM metaphorical concepts. Through a framework integrating principles for effective multimodal metaphor application from Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Multimodal Metaphor Theory, Visual Grammar Theory, and Multimodal Interaction Analysis Theory, this study examines the pattern of multimodal representation of metaphors and performance of four modes—written signs, pictorial signs, sounds, and gestures in translating this metaphorical concept across 20 relevant Douyin videos. The findings reveal that among the current cases of multimodal representation of metaphor of “Shanghuo”, strategies combining three or more target modes are more prevalent compared to simple 1–2 modes combinations. However, an examination of their limitations exposes challenges in balancing richness and coherence across different modes. While multimodal integration significantly stimulates viewers’ interest, issues like incomplete and contradictory mapping to the target domain—particularly mismatched color schemes in written signs, lack of dynamic design in pictorial signs, and irrelevant audio-gestural cues—not only hinder accurate demonstration of “Shanghuo” but also induce cognitive fatigue in viewers. These findings collectively emphasize the need for optimizing cross-modal consistency and coordination in the multimodal representation of the metaphor of “Shanghuo”. Specific recommendations for optimization can be made in two key areas: 1) strengthen the visual, auditory, gestural mapping of fire-associated features to “Shanghuo” in corresponding Zang-organs; 2) enhance cross-modal coordination and complementarity in mirroring the pathological progression of “heat” evolving from the five Zang-organs to the body’s surface.

“Bị” and “Được” as Cultural Markers in the Vietnamese Language: A Cultural Linguistic Study

2025-05-30T20:37:44+08:00

Vietnamese passive constructions have long captivated researchers in the field of linguistics. While a considerable body of work exists, most studies predominantly focus on the syntactic and lexical contributions of the passive markers “bị” and “được”. This prevailing emphasis often overlooks the profound cultural underpinnings that shape their usage. Moving beyond a purely grammatical lens, this study delves into the cultural significance of “bị” and “được” to explore how these passive markers not only reflect but also actively shape Vietnamese cultural values. Drawing upon the theoretical frameworks of cultural linguistics and social constructionist theory, our research undertakes a comprehensive analysis of “bị” and “được” across a diverse range of contexts. This includes rich narratives from traditional Vietnamese folktales, providing insights into historical linguistic patterns, as well as nuanced observations from contemporary everyday conversations, capturing current communicative practices. The findings reveal that “bị” and “được” are far more than mere grammatical tools; they subtly encode core Vietnamese cultural values related to agency, responsibility, face, social harmony, and the pervasive concept of fate. This investigation distinctly highlights the unique nature of Vietnamese passive constructions when contrasted with those found in other languages. This research has significant implications for language education and translation. For learners of Vietnamese, grasping the cultural nuances of “bị” and “được” is essential for developing cultural competence. Similarly, for Vietnamese learners of English, recognizing these inherent cultural differences can bridge communication gaps, particularly in translation. Ultimately, this understanding will promote more effective intercultural communication.

Integrating AI Translation Ethics and Sociolinguistic Awareness into BA Programs at Saudi and Jordanian Universities

2025-04-24T13:19:26+08:00

This research examines the inclusion of AI ethics and sociolinguistic consciousness in Saudi Arabian and Jordanian translation programs at the university level. As the use of AI technology in translation activities increases, the necessity for the inclusion of ethical considerations and sociocultural knowledge in academic programs is of critical concern. A mixed-method model of data collection and analysis using quantitative data from structured questionnaires and qualitative data from semi-structured interviews and open-ended feedback from faculty members, curriculum designers, and professional translators has been utilized. The outcome of the research indicates a wide gap for inclusion of AI-related considerations and sociolinguistic skills in the existing translation programs. Although the participants showed broad agreement with the relevance and necessity of AI-related considerations and sociolinguistic skills, they also noted multiple barriers to implementation, including the lack of instructors' knowledge in the area, the unavailability of updated training resources, and resistance from institutions to make changes to the curriculum. The strongest approaches for bridging the gaps indicated through the study include the provision of exclusive courses in AI ethics for the translation program, fostering interdisciplinary integration with the departments of computer science and ethics, and training teachers professionally. The study advocates for a full-scale revision of the translation curricula to equip students with the knowledge for linguistic capabilities as well as the cultural and moral competencies to tackle the changing environment of AI-based translation. The study provides timely and immediate recommendations for the strengthening of the curricula for the training of translators against the backdrop of rapid technological advances.

From Land to Legacy: The Interplay of Necronyms and Social Stratification in Cina Benteng

2025-05-02T12:27:05+08:00

Cemetery names (necronyms) serve as linguistic, cultural, and historical markers that reflect social stratification, migration history, and identity retention within the Cina Benteng community in Indonesia. This study examines how necronyms function as more than burial site identifiers by encoding class distinctions, ancestral connections, and generational linguistic shifts. Utilizing a multimethod approach that includes cemetery name documentation, semi-structured interviews with community members, and historical records analysis, the study categorizes cemetery names based on phonological, morphological, and semantic patterns to explore their role in identity preservation and cultural adaptation. Findings reveal that necronyms reinforce social stratification, with elite families securing named burial sites that emphasize lineage and status, while lower-class cemeteries are often designated with generic or geographically descriptive names. Associative meanings in cemetery names highlight the community’s migration history, with references to ancestral origins in China (e.g., Fujian, Guangdong) and symbolic representations of resilience, survival, and integration. Emotive necronyms encode collective memory, reinforcing spiritual beliefs through cemetery names that emphasize peace, honor, and ancestral reverence. Linguistic analysis indicates a gradual shift from traditional Chinese phonetics and morphological structures toward Indonesianized and hybridized naming conventions, reflecting broader socio-political and linguistic integration trends. Older cemetery names retain Mandarin and Hokkien phonetic elements, while newer cemeteries increasingly adopt Indonesian and English-influenced names, reflecting a generational transformation in identity perception. The study also finds that commercial and modern burial practices have influenced the shift toward neutralized and marketable necronyms, prioritizing accessibility and emotional resonance over cultural specificity.

The Utilization of Digital Repositories for Teaching and Learning Indonesian Literature: A Review of Library Resources

2025-03-26T09:37:25+08:00

This study explores the significant role of digital repositories in supporting the teaching and learning of Indonesian literature, aiming to bridge the gap between traditional literary education and modern technological advancements. Through a comprehensive literature review, the research investigates the accessibility, quality, and scope of digital library resources available to educators and students across Indonesia. Digital repositories provide a vast array of literary materials, including digitized texts, critical essays, and multimedia content, which have the potential to greatly enhance educational outcomes by making literature more engaging and accessible. Despite this potential, the integration of these digital resources into the Indonesian literature curriculum remains limited and underutilized. The findings of this study reveal both the opportunities presented by digital platforms—such as wider access to rare and diverse literary works—and the challenges that hinder their effective use, including varying levels of digital literacy among educators and students, inconsistent resource availability, and insufficient institutional support. Additionally, the study reviews strategies for effectively incorporating digital repositories into literature instruction, highlighting the importance of collaboration between educational institutions, libraries, and technology providers. Recommendations emphasize the need for targeted training programs, infrastructure development, and policy initiatives to foster greater adoption of digital tools in literary education. This review also identifies crucial areas for future research aimed at optimizing the deployment and impact of digital repositories in teaching Indonesian literature. Ultimately, the study concludes by discussing important implications for educational policy and library management in Indonesia’s evolving digital landscape.

The Characteristics of Postmodernism in Kazakh Prose

2025-05-09T14:44:02+08:00

This scholarly article examines the emergence and development of postmodernism within Kazakh literature. One of the pressing issues in contemporary literary studies is examining how national literature aligns with major global literary movements such as modernism and postmodernism. The authors explore the theoretical foundations of postmodernism and describe its aesthetic features as they manifest in Kazakh prose, using specific literary works for illustration. In particular, Mukhtar Magauin’s short story “Ekeu" and Didar Amantai’s novella “Men Sizdi Sagynyp Zhurmin" are examined in depth through the lens of postmodernist aesthetics. The article systematically investigates key characteristics of postmodernism, including narrative fragmentation, the disruption of spatial and temporal continuity, inner psychological crises of characters, intertextuality, irony, polyphony, allusion, and collage techniques. It is revealed that postmodernist literature prioritizes an exploration of the human psyche, existential dilemmas, and spiritual crises over traditional moral-didactic content. A combination of psychological, hermeneutic, phenomenological, and comparative methodologies is employed in the research. The findings highlight the unique stylistic traits and artistic experiments of Kazakh writers who engage with postmodernist modes. The complex narrative structures, stylistic freedom, blending of reality and fantasy, and the interactive relationship with the reader in the works of Magauin and Amantai are identified as core elements of postmodern poetics. Overall, this article presents an important contribution to the understanding of postmodernism in Kazakh literature, offering a comprehensive analysis of its formation, development, and distinctive aesthetic dimensions.

Parental Involvement in Language-Delayed Young Children’s English Language Acquisition

2025-05-12T17:55:35+08:00

Global research has indicated that over half of children entering reception have language levels below expectations, a problem that worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to increased cases of language delay. This has prompted parents to collaborate with educators to support their children's language development. This explorative case-based study, which was qualitative in nature, was intended to study how parents perceived language delay and the strategies they used at home in assisting their language-delayed children. Based on findings from the in-depth interviews, four major themes emerged surrounding the study’s research questions: parents perceptions on ‘language-delay’, relationship between level of parental involvement and improvement of language proficiency, challenges faced in supporting English language acquisition among language-delayed children and successful strategies used by parents to teach English to their language-delayed young learners. On the theme strategies used by parents, it was found that Specific-Outcome Praise (SOP), Play-based Learning (PBL), Technology-Mediated Language Learning (TMLL), and creating a Language Rich Environment (LRE) contributed effectively towards children’s language development. The findings of this study are crucial as these insights can guide educators, policymakers, and parents in developing targeted interventions and collaborative approaches to enhance early language acquisition among language-delayed young learners.

Language Learning Barriers and Cross-Cultural Communication Strategies in Tibetan Bilingual Education Against the Background of Cultural Differences

2025-04-01T16:33:21+08:00

This research analyses the intricate hurdles encountered by Tibetan learners trying to learn Mandarin Chinese in the context of bilingual education in the Amdo Tibetan Area of Qinghai, China. Through qualitative research approaches like semi-structured interviews with students and teachers, classroom observations, and document analysis, this research identifies linguistic and cultural barriers that impede effective language learning. It was found that Tibetan students have difficulties relating to the Mandarin language’s phonological elements, character writing, and even its abstract vocabulary when these features are devoid of their cultural contexts and environments. Urban culture curriculum centred on teaching a modern lifestyle creates a cultural gap which leads to low motivation and understanding among learners. This research aims to contribute to the literature through the description of effective cross-cultural communication techniques in the specific context of Tibetan-Mandarin bilingual education, specifically bilingual scaffolding, culturally sensitive pedagogy, and participatory teaching that effectively deal with linguistic problems without erasing cultural identity. The use of Tibetan culture, visual aids, and group work activities that encourage student participation is suggested to enhance student motivation and achievement in the language. This research contributes to bilingual educational policy and practice in China’s ethnic minority regions by proposing that flexible integration of language and culture tends to be more successful in achieving Mandarin proficiency than the more inflexible, monolingual mode of instruction. Relating this study to Chinese Literacy Teaching Theory and social constructivism allows the study to make recommendations for improving bilingual education in culturally diverse settings from a theoretical perspective.

The Role of Value Segments in Shaping the Cognitive Discourse of English-Language Culture

2025-04-16T14:24:56+08:00

In view of globalization, the study of the interaction of value segments with cognitive models of English-speaking discourse is important for understanding the mechanisms of intercultural communication. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms of influence of value segments on shaping of cognitive discourse of English-speaking culture through the study of their interaction with cognitive models and cultural landmarks. The study employed the following methods: cognitive discourse analysis (CODA), content analysis, survey, and statistical analysis (analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis). The results showed that among cultural landmarks, Social Relations (4.4) and Long-Term Orientation (4.1) had the highest average scores, which play a key role in the formation of cognitive models of discourse. The Empathy (4.4, correlation 0.80) and Creative Thinking (4.3, correlation 0.81) cognitive styles demonstrated the greatest impact on shaping of value segments. ANOVA results (F = 3.24, p = 0.04) confirmed statistically significant differences between groups of respondents in the influence of their cognitive models on discourse. The practical significance of the results is the possibility of their use for the development of educational programmes aimed at the development of intercultural sensitivity, empathy, and critical thinking. Future research may include expanding the sample, involving representatives of different cultures and conducting an analysis of discursive models in multilingual environments.

Investigation of the Development Process of Expository Text Structure for University Students with Hearing Impairments

2025-04-10T09:27:56+08:00

This study aims to explore the teaching process of expository text structures to hearing-impaired university students enrolled in vocational education programs. This action research study involves eight second-year Computer Operator Program students with hearing impairments at a special education institution, along with the researchers. The applications followed the principles and elements of Balanced Literacy Instructional Approach (BLIA). Inductive analysis was employed to analyze the research data, which included lesson videotape recordings, validity committee audio recordings and meeting minutes, lesson plans, the researcher's diary, student products and documents, and pre- and post-test results. The research revealed that students exhibited limited development in reading comprehension of expository texts in relation to their language levels. Nevertheless, the practices are believed to have positively influenced the students' understanding of the strategies they should use, their comprehension of text structures, and their ability to think critically while engaging with the texts. The finding that students require additional time and repetition to enhance their abilities aligns with the existing literature. The students' language skills indicate that they were unable to benefit from effective education during the educational processes they underwent, despite the current legal regulations' sufficiency. To ensure that students improve their literacy, it is recommended to establish strategies for the effective implementation of teaching and practices at all educational levels, starting from pre-school education.

Translation Strategies and Equivalences of Culture-Bound Elements in “A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes”

2025-05-09T16:41:07+08:00

Translation is more than the transfer of the words between source language texts and target language texts; as a matter of fact, it is a bridge between cultures embedded in those texts. This is particularly true when translating popular science texts, where scientific precision in those science texts must coexist with the cultural resonance in their translated texts. Hawking’s (1988) A Brief History of Time has introduced complex scientific ideas to readers worldwide, making it an excellent case study for analyzing how cultural elements are handled in translation. This paper explores the specific translation of culture-bound elements from English to Chinese in 《时间简史 (Shíjiān Jiǎngshǐ)》, translated by Wu Zhongchao and Xu Mingxian. Using Newmark’s framework, this research examines how translators navigate linguistic and cultural nuances to make the text both faithful to the original and engaging for Chinese readers. The findings provide fresh perspectives on the role of culture in the translation of popular science texts, contributing valuable insights into the broader field of translation studies. This research highlights the interplay between language, culture, and science, advocating for meticulous translation strategies to maintain the integrity and intent of the original work.

Exploring Chinese Undergraduates’ Perceptions of Using Social Networking Sites in English Writing

2025-03-24T16:58:01+08:00

This study investigates Chinese undergraduate students’ perceptions of using social networking sites (SNSs) for English writing development and identifies associated challenges. In light of the persistent challenges with English writing among Chinese undergraduates, especially with the relatively low pass rates in the writing section of the College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) exam, this study seeks to understand how SNSs, as digital learning tools, are perceived in the context of writing skill enhancement. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to 80 undergraduates, with descriptive analysis revealing generally positive perceptions of SNSs for writing practice. Semi-structured interviews with nine randomly selected participants further uncovered their key challenges, including language proficiency and accuracy concerns, psychological and social barriers and platform-specific limitations. There is no doubt that the findings provide the basis for concluding that SNSs have great potential as adjuncts for English writing instruction. However, there remains an equal need for effective pedagogical approaches to address the constraints inherent to digital SNSs tools. This study contributes to the discourse on technology-enhanced language learning by highlighting the dual role of SNSs as both facilitators and impediments in educational contexts, thereby advancing discussions on balancing technological integration with pedagogical efficacy in foreign language education.

Language Scaffolding Strategies Based on Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development in Early Reading Education: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2025-04-22T11:02:56+08:00

This study presents a comparative analysis of language scaffolding strategies based on Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development theory in early reading education across China, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Through systematic review of 78 studies published between 2014–2024, including 27 Chinese studies, 31 American studies, and 20 British studies, the research examines how scaffolding practices are implemented within each country's distinct cultural and educational context. The methodology employed multi-dimensional analytical framework encompassing theoretical conceptualization, pedagogical implementation, cultural-linguistic adaptation, and effectiveness assessment to ensure comprehensive cross-cultural comparison. The analysis reveals significant variations in scaffolding approaches: Chinese practices emphasize structured teacher guidance tailored to character acquisition and morphological awareness development, reflecting Confucian educational traditions and examination-oriented culture. American strategies prioritize evidence-based methods within multi-tiered support frameworks, incorporating technological integration and individualized assessment protocols. British approaches integrate systematic progression with teacher autonomy in diverse multicultural contexts, demonstrating sustained intervention effectiveness and culturally responsive implementation strategies. The findings demonstrate how educational policy structures, linguistic characteristics, teacher preparation models, and cultural values fundamentally shape scaffolding implementation patterns. Cross-cultural triangulation reveals both universal principles and context-specific adaptations in applying Vygotskian theory to early literacy instruction. The study concludes by proposing evidence-informed adaptations for Chinese early reading education that balance explicit instruction with student-centered approaches while preserving cultural strengths in structured progression and collective learning orientations, contributing to international understanding of culturally responsive scaffolding practices.

Analysing Figurative Language in the Book of Proverbs from Mahungu Lamanene Xitsonga Bible

2025-05-06T14:58:10+08:00

The Xitsonga Bible, a translation of the Holy Scriptures into Xitsonga, is a notable literary work that not only communicates the deep spiritual teachings of the original texts but also showcases the expressive richness of the Xitsonga. This translation marked a significant milestone in bringing the Christian faith to Vatsonga. This article explores the use of figurative language in the book of Proverbs from the Mahungu Lamanene Xitsonga Bible (MLXB) version, emphasising how these literary devices enhance the clarity, depth, and emotional resonance of the text. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the study employed content analysis to examine figurative language in the MLXB version, drawing on Perrine’s theory of figurative language and a pragmatic perspective. The profound results reveal six types of figurative language: metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, proverbs, and paradox, each contributing distinct meanings to the verses based on their context. Among these, metaphors and similes were the most frequently used, underscoring their pivotal role in conveying complex spiritual and moral teachings in a relatable manner. Meanwhile, hyperbole, proverbs, and paradoxes were among the less frequently identified figurative language. The study underscores the complexity and richness of the Xitsonga Bible, demonstrating the nuanced interplay between language and interpretation in conveying wisdom and insights.

Why Do I Have to Translanguage? Voices from Peripheral Indonesian English Lecturers Using Translanguaging in EFL Context

2025-05-08T17:43:40+08:00

Translanguaging, efficiently employing various languages within a single class, has gained recognition as an effective pedagogical tool. However, its implementation and acceptance differ significantly, especially in areas where English is not the primary language. This article reports on research that questions the existence and the utilization of translanguaging practices of peripheral Indonesian English lecturers in their classrooms. Through qualitative interviews and thematic analysis, this research captures the voices of lecturers who navigate the complexities of teaching English in a multilingual context. The study found that translanguaging helps lecturers showcase, elaborate on, and reinforce the content of learning materials, guide them as explanatory and managerial strategies in their classroom, motivate students to speak within peer discussion and create an engaging learning environment flexibly. Furthermore, the research highlights several pedagogical implications of translanguaging for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Indonesia. The implication lies within three specific facets. First, it enhances student participation in group activities and improves learning outcomes in teaching speaking and writing. Secondly, it can aid students in enhancing their multilingual skills, particularly proficiency in the English language. Lastly, translanguaging supports the students’ cognitive, affective, and social engagement as it bridges linguistic gaps and encourages deeper understanding and collaboration among learners.

Critical Reading and Emergency Remote Education: A Discursive Textual Analysis of Research Articles

2025-03-21T17:16:01+08:00

Between 2021 and 2023, emergency remote education had a significant impact on the development of critical reading skills among high school students in Latin America, with a particular focus on Ecuador. The objective was to analyze how this educational modality affected the acquisition of critical reading competencies and propose pedagogical strategies adapted to virtual environments. The methodology employed was a discursive textual analysis based on a qualitative bibliographic exploration and a hermeneutic study of 233 scientific articles retrieved from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The findings indicate that ERE had a significant impact on the development of critical reading, highlighting the need to adapt pedagogical strategies to digital platforms. Challenges were identified, including unequal access to technology and insufficient teacher training, which hindered the effective learning of critical skills. The conclusions emphasize the urgency of addressing inequalities in access to digital education and the need to develop new pedagogical strategies that foster critical reading practices in virtual environments. The importance of creating innovative and accessible teaching resources to improve reading comprehension and critical analysis in this new educational context is also highlighted.

ESL Undergraduates’ Views on the Collaborative Learning Approach and Its Relationship with Their Attitudes toward Learning English

2025-04-22T16:37:14+08:00

In the 21st century, the focus of English language teaching has shifted from a teacher-centered to a student-centered approach, including in Asian countries such as Pakistan. The Collaborative Learning Approach (CLA) offers numerous social and academic benefits. However, research on the implementation of CLA in English as a Second Language (ESL) contexts at the university level remains limited. This study aimed to explore ESL undergraduates’ views on CLA and its relationship with their attitudes toward learning English. A survey-based quantitative methodology was employed, using an adapted questionnaire from established instruments used in prior peer-reviewed studies. Data were collected from 250 ESL undergraduates selected through cluster sampling from the English departments of five public universities in Punjab, Pakistan. Findings revealed that students held moderate to high perceptions of the five core elements of CLA in English learning. A weak but positive correlation was identified between students' views on CLA and their attitudes toward English learning. The study highlights that CLA supports both social and academic development, including fostering social relationships, encouraging active participation, promoting problem-solving, enhancing communication, reducing anxiety, and developing higher-order thinking skills. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, educators, students, parents, and textbook boards in designing effective and practical strategies to improve ESL learning outcomes.

Multi-modal Teaching of English Translation in Colleges and Universities under the Network Environment

2025-04-30T16:02:29+08:00

With the overall development of the economy and technology, increasing technological products have begun to enter people's lives, and the same is true in the field of education. Due to the widespread use of multimedia, more and more educators have begun to study multimodal theory. For multimodal theory, it is mainly to accept the corresponding language, image and sound through various senses, and carry out corresponding interactive behavior. This paper analyzes the problems existing in multimodal teaching of college English translation and the actual teaching effectiveness based on the network environment. To this end, a quality evaluation system for English translation teaching based on neural networks has been designed. This system is an effective method for scoring the actual teaching process and serves as the foundation for assessing teaching quality. Meanwhile, in the experimental section, relevant experiments have been designed to conduct surveys on students 'multimodal teaching issues, aiming to understand their subjective perceptions. In the final analysis section, data analysis is performed on the actual multimodal teaching effects. Through the obtained data, the effectiveness of university English translation teaching under the network environment is analyzed and compared. The highest accuracy rate of student translations can reach 94.3%, which fully demonstrates that compared with traditional teaching methods, multimodal teaching can effectively enhance students' learning interest and corresponding translation efficiency.

Cognitive and Metalinguistic Abilities Related to Critical Reading in Psychology University Students

2025-03-26T10:28:00+08:00

Critical reading is one of the fundamental competencies required in higher education, playing a crucial role in student success across diverse academic disciplines. Numerous studies highlight its significance, identifying critical reading as the strongest predictor of academic performance among university students. However, the specific cognitive mechanisms underpinning this competency remain insufficiently understood. This study explores the relationships between critical reading and several cognitive variables—working memory, processing speed, phonemic awareness, and morphological awareness—within a sample of 76 undergraduate psychology students. Employing mediation analysis, the research investigates both direct and indirect effects of these cognitive skills on critical reading performance. Results indicate that working memory demonstrates a significant direct relationship with critical reading. In contrast, processing speed, phonemic awareness, and morphological awareness showed neither direct nor indirect effects on critical reading skills. These findings underscore working memory’s unique role as a reliable predictor of critical reading ability and emphasize its importance in fostering academic achievement in higher education contexts. Based on these results, the implementation of targeted cognitive strategies to strengthen working memory may prove beneficial in enhancing reading comprehension. Moreover, the potential use of neuromodulation techniques—such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)—could be explored as complementary approaches to boost cognitive functions linked to reading processes. Future educational interventions might combine these cognitive and neurotechnological tools to support the development of critical reading skills, ultimately contributing to improved learning outcomes in university settings.

Cognitive Linguistics and Its Impact on Language Processing: A Meta-Synthesis of Research Findings

2025-04-24T16:39:54+08:00

Cognitive linguistics represents a critical interdisciplinary approach exploring the relationships between cognitive functions and linguistic communication. This meta-synthesis systematically examines how cognitive mechanisms shape language acquisition, comprehension, and production. Following PRISMA guidelines, 48 studies were analyzed from an initial pool of 754 records. The investigation covered multiple dimensions including embodied cognition, working memory, neural networks, and cross-linguistic processing. Findings revealed robust correlations between embodied cognition and concrete concept processing (r = 0.72) and between working memory and complex language comprehension (r = 0.64). Cognitive linguistics-based teaching approaches demonstrated substantial effectiveness (g = 0.76), significantly outperforming traditional language instruction methods. Cross-linguistic processing constraints showed moderate effects (d = 0.59), suggesting linguistic structures evolve to accommodate cognitive processing preferences. The study identified critical methodological limitations, including the absence of psychometric meta-analyses and individual participant data approaches. While all studies employed bare-bones meta-analysis techniques, only 50% conducted publication bias analysis, highlighting inconsistencies in research quality assessment. Recommendations include developing more sophisticated analytical techniques, expanding cross-linguistic studies, and integrating cognitive linguistics principles into language research and pedagogy. This synthesis confirms language processing as a dynamic, context-dependent process deeply rooted in human cognitive experience. The findings provide transformative insights for linguistics, education, and cognitive science, emphasizing that language is not a monolithic system but rather a multifaceted process influenced by embodied cognition, individual differences, and specific cognitive constraints, opening new horizons for understanding how humans construct and communicate meaning.

The Home/Homeless Archetype in Modern Kazakh Literature

2025-05-12T17:11:46+08:00

This paper explores the archetype of “home” as a sacred ethno-cultural symbol deeply embedded in the Kazakh worldview. It examines how the concept of “home” and its contrasting notion “homelessness” function in contemporary Kazakh literature, reflecting broader cultural, historical, and psychological meanings. The archetype “home” is interpreted through interconnected ideas such as “mother,” “family,” “native land,” and “light,” while “homelessness” symbolizes loss, displacement, and identity crisis. Drawing from comparative literary analysis, the study situates Kazakh representations alongside global literary traditions, uncovering both universal patterns and culturally specific distinctions. It is argued that the nomadic past of the Kazakh people, along with their mythology and oral tradition, imbues the “home” archetype with meanings that differ significantly from settled, Western interpretations. These culturally embedded meanings are revealed through symbolic landscapes, character trajectories, and narrative structures in Kazakh fiction. The paper shows how contemporary authors reinterpret ancient symbols to articulate modern experiences of belonging, alienation, and cultural continuity. By emphasizing the spiritual and existential dimensions of “home,” this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how literature reflects national identity and memory. Ultimately, the research enriches the field of cross-cultural literary studies by demonstrating how archetypes acquire diverse meanings in different cultural-historical contexts.

A Critical Discourse Analysis on English Digital Posters of Pre-Presidential Candidates in Indonesia

2025-04-03T17:33:38+08:00

This study explores the linguistic strategies employed by Indonesia’s pre-presidential candidates in their Instagram digital posters to convey political messages and influence public perception. It also examines the realization processes through which these strategies are visually and textually manifested to persuade the electorate. By analyzing the digital campaign posters of three pre-presidential candidates for the 2024 Indonesian Presidential Election, the study reveals that each candidate adopts distinct linguistic approaches and realization techniques to shape their political image. The visual aesthetics and high-resolution formats offered by Instagram often result in voters being persuaded more by the design and appearance of the posters than by the substance of the political messages. Adopting a qualitative approach, the study collects and analyzes data through multimodal discourse analysis. The findings reveal persuasive strategies at three key levels: semantic, syntactic, and stylistic. Semantic strategies include the use of selective diction, connotative language, and concealment of controversial elements; syntactic strategies involve transitivity choices and the grammatical positioning of agency and actions; while stylistic strategies reflect the chosen genre and communicative tone of the posters. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how political messages are crafted and delivered in the digital age, particularly on visual-centric platforms like Instagram. It offers practical insights for voters to critically evaluate political content, decode ideological messages, and make informed decisions based not only on appearances but on deeper linguistic and rhetorical cues. Ultimately, it encourages media literacy and critical engagement in the context of Indonesia’s evolving political communication landscape.

Effects of English-Chinese Code-Switching on Writing Anxiety in Chinese as a Second Language Learners

2025-05-09T15:06:03+08:00

This study investigates the effect of English-Chinese code-switching (CS) on writing anxiety and writing performance in learners of Chinese as a second language (CSL), using a quasi-experimental design. A total of 178 beginner-level CSL learners were purposively selected based on their course materials and class hours, with 67 assigned to the control group and 111 to the experimental group. Over a period of approximately four months, the experimental group was encouraged to apply CS in their writing exercises, while the control group was required to write exclusively in Chinese. Writing anxiety was assessed using a standardized second language writing anxiety questionnaire, and writing performance was measured through a short self-introduction task. The results revealed that the experimental group experienced a significant reduction in writing anxiety, whereas the control group showed an increase in anxiety over time. In addition, the writing performance of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. These findings suggest that CS can effectively reduce CSL writing anxiety and enhance writing performance in beginner CSL learners. The results provide empirical support for integrating CS strategies in second language writing instruction, especially for learners who may struggle with linguistic confidence and emotional barriers in the early stages of acquisition.

Concept in Kazakh Linguoculture: An Experimental-Associative Study

2025-05-12T17:43:41+08:00

This article explores the concept of qoŋyr as a unique phenomenon within Kazakh linguoculture. The primary objective of the study is to identify the semantic dominants and cultural associations activated in the minds of native speakers when perceiving this word. The research is based on an associative experiment conducted with 103 respondents using the semantic differential method. Participants were asked to evaluate the degree of associative connection between qoŋyr and 64 concepts grouped into 16 thematic categories, including nature, emotions, age, moral traits, musical instruments, and others. Statistical processing through the Jamovi software enabled the identification of stable associative links that reflect the deep integration of qoŋyr into Kazakh national consciousness. The results revealed that qoŋyr extends beyond its literal meaning as a color term, encompassing a broad spectrum of emotional, symbolic, and axiological meanings. It is most frequently associated with concepts such as autumn (küz), soil (topyraq), the traditional musical instrument dombra, the personality trait momyn (meek), and ethnic identity (Qazaq), indicating its role as a cultural code. The findings suggest that qoŋyr functions as a complex linguocultural construct expressing core Kazakh values, including simplicity, spiritual harmony, emotional depth, and connection with nature and tradition. The study contributes to the fields of cognitive linguistics, ethnolinguistics, and language pedagogy by offering empirical evidence of concept formation in minority languages. The results may also be applied in the development of culturally grounded Kazakh language teaching materials and comparative cultural-linguistic research.

The English Translation of Huangdi Neijing by Maoshing Ni from the Perspective of the Thick Translation

2025-04-18T14:15:05+08:00

The global interest in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) continues to rise, and the international dissemination of TCM classics has become increasingly significant. The Huangdi Neijing, as a core book within the TCM knowledge system, holds immense theoretical and practical value. Its accurate and in-depth translation is vital for advancing the development of TCM abroad. Due to cultural differences and constraints, the medical concepts and knowledge in the Huangdi Neijing may be challenging for readers from diverse cultural backgrounds to comprehend and accept. Therefore, additional interpretation of the original text is inevitable, which embodiess the thick translation of the original text. Thick translation goes beyond mere linguistic conversion; it involves enriching the translation with background information, knowledge explanations, and logical cohesion to help readers better understand the original text. This paper, guided by the theory of thick translation, examines the application of thick translation in Maoshing Ni's English version of the Huangdi Neijing. By summarizing and categorizing the features and types of thick translation in this English version, , this study endeavors to demonstrate the role of thick translation in presenting the uniqueness of TCM knowledge in the global context, revealing how thick translation enhances the accessibility and acceptance of TCM classics in the global context, bridges the gap between TCM and other cultures, and contributes to the broader dissemination and development of TCM worldwide,with an aim to provide valuable insights for the effective international promotion of TCM.

LANGUAGE AND BRAND RECOGNITION: AN INVESTIGATION INTO BRAND NAMING PRACTICES IN VIETNAM

2025-05-09T15:56:41+08:00

The relationship between linguistic characteristics and brand identification in the Vietnamese consumer market is investigated in this study. We conducted a survey of 89 Vietnamese consumers (M_age = 34.7, SD = 12.3) and examined 255 brand names (160 domestic, 95 international) using a mixed-methods approach. Four major language elements that impact brand identity were found through factor analysis: sound symbolism (21.4%), semantic/cultural meaning (18.3%), uniqueness (15.6%), and brevity and pronunciation ease (27.8% variation). The results indicated that two to three syllable names (74.1% of the sample) were more memorable (M = 4.12, SD = 0.78) than longer names (M = 3.45, SD = 0.92, p < 0.01). Names of Vietnamese origin generated more trust (M = 4.47, SD = 0.75) than foreign names (M = 3.58, SD = 1.12, p < 0.001). Semantic/cultural factors were found to have the most influence on purchase intent in the multiple regression analysis (β = 0.52, p < 0.001, R² = 0.64). The best cultural fit (M = 4.32, SD = 0.82) and purchase intent (M = 4.25, SD = 0.84) were demonstrated by hybrid tactics for multinational companies that included Vietnamese characteristics with original names. Our research identifies the effects of interaction between linguistic and cultural components in brand identity and applies the notion of sound symbolism to tonal isolating languages. In addition to offering particular guidelines for successful brand name formation in line with Vietnamese language and cultural traits, this study gives an empirical framework for optimizing brand naming strategies in multilingual markets.

Slang Terms in the Field of Information Technology and Their Standardization

2025-05-20T14:08:58+08:00

The rapid development of information technology (IT) has led to the emergence of a vast array of slang terms, many of which originate from English and spread globally through professional, academic, and digital communication. These slang expressions—such as bug, crash, lag, hack, and code—often fill lexical gaps quickly and flexibly, reflecting the dynamic and innovative nature of the IT field. However, the widespread and unregulated use of IT slang poses challenges for linguistic clarity, educational consistency, and terminological standardization, especially in multilingual contexts such as Kazakhstan, where Kazakh, Russian, and English coexist. The purpose of this article is to analyze the emergence and use of slang terms in the field of IT, explore their linguistic and sociocultural impact, and propose approaches for their effective standardization. The practical significance of this article lies in its contribution to the development of effective strategies for managing and standardizing rapidly evolving IT slang. This paper examines the origin, usage, and dissemination of IT-related slang terms, with a focus on how they are adopted, localized, and sometimes hybridized in non-English languages. It also explores the sociolinguistic implications of IT slang use among professionals and youth, including code-switching, language borrowing, and the blending of formal and informal registers. A key focus is the need for systematic standardization of IT terminology to ensure clear communication, promote the development of native-language equivalents, and preserve linguistic integrity. The study reviews current approaches to slang standardization, highlights efforts by linguistic institutions and technical committees, and proposes practical strategies for integrating standardized terms into education, media, and professional discourse.

Combining Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Fine-tuning of Large Language Models to Enhance Port Industry Question-Answering Systems

2025-03-20T16:58:27+08:00

In this research, we develop a new hybrid architecture that combines Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and LLMs (Large Language Models) in order to address the specific gaps in the domain question answering systems for the maritime port industry. Our approach mitigates the generic LLMs’ limitations concerning domain-specific queries through a combination of knowledge retrieval specific to the industry and adaptive modelling with implemented parameters. The overarching evaluation protocol designed for investigating the approach was both quantitative and qualitative by using expert judgement which showed marked improvement in justifiable gains across multi-dimensional stand-alone approaches regarding factual correctness, accuracy of use of maritime terms, and compliance with relevant policies. The hybrid system achieved 23% improvement in nDCG@5 scores alongside exceeding 90% accuracy in terminology used in maritime context, maintaining sub-second response times under typical operational loads. The domain experts we consulted in the study were particularly impressed by the balance the system struck between factual precision and contextual understanding of complex operational scenarios. Such improvement enables decision-makers for critical operational environments to greatly trust the system within their active contexts. This research demonstrates a practical methodology for balancing the adaptation of a domain to the computational algorithms of a system in specialised professional application domains that require high factual precision but allow for context interpretation.

A Mathematical Fuzzy Model for Syntax-Pragmatics Interface

2025-04-21T16:14:36+08:00

This study proposes a novel fuzzy grammar model to analyze the syntax-pragmatics interface by integrating fuzzy logic into linguistic evaluation. Traditional binary models of grammaticality fail to capture the graded acceptability observed in natural language, where subtle variations in syntactic structure and contextual cues interact to determine overall language performance. Our approach normalizes Likert-scale ratings of syntactic well-formedness and pragmatic appropriateness into fuzzy membership values, enabling a continuous representation of linguistic acceptability. The model employs fuzzy membership functions—primarily using linear normalization—and aggregates syntactic and pragmatic scores using the minimum operator to reflect the principle that a sentence is as acceptable as its weakest component. A small experimental dataset comprising five sentences was used to illustrate the model’s implementation, where descriptive statistics, visual bar charts, and fuzzy inference outputs demonstrated that sentences with inconsistent syntactic and pragmatic ratings yield lower overall acceptability. The results underscore fuzzy logic’s efficacy in distinguishing borderline cases and capturing the nuanced interplay between formal structure and context-sensitive meaning. This integrative framework not only extends theoretical insight into language processing but also offers promising applications in natural language processing, language education, and cross-linguistic studies. Future research should empirically validate the model with larger datasets and explore alternative fuzzy aggregation strategies.

The Effects of CLIL on Enhancing EFL Writing Accuracy and Language Learning Motivation in an Indonesian Vocational High School Setting

2025-04-23T13:20:02+08:00

Writing accuracy remains a persistent challenge for EFL students in Indonesian vocational high schools, where grammar instruction is often decontextualized. Additionally, low language learning motivation further impedes proficiency, as conventional non-CLIL methods fail to provide meaningful engagement. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) presents a pedagogically sound alternative, merging subject content with language acquisition to create an interactive and cognitively enriching learning environment. This study explores the efficacy of CLIL in enhancing writing accuracy and language learning motivation among third-grade vocational high school students in Aceh, Indonesia. Employing a mixed-methods, quasi-experimental design, the 12-week intervention integrated CLIL-based lesson plans and e-modules adapted from the national curriculum. The instructional approach emphasized linguistic structures such as cause-and-effect clauses, active and passive voice, modal auxiliaries, and selected tenses (present, past perfect, and future tenses), with structured activities strategically designed to foster motivation. A total of 44 students participated. Writing accuracy was assessed using the Barkovska EFL CLIL assessment grid, while language learning motivation levels were measured through a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses—including paired t-tests, 95% confidence intervals, and effect size computations—revealed minimal, non-significant differences between the experimental and control groups. These findings suggest that while CLIL enhances learner engagement, further pedagogical refinement and targeted teacher training are essential to optimize its impact on measurable language proficiency outcomes in vocational EFL settings.

Comprehension of Conversational Implicatures among Yemeni EFL Students

2025-05-26T18:17:18+08:00

This study examines conversational implicature comprehension among 261 Yemeni EFL university students from six institutions (three public, three private), using a multiple-choice test based on Bouton's (1994) framework. Results indicate moderate overall pragmatic competence (53.05%), with significant variation across implicature types. Participants demonstrated higher comprehension of idiosyncratic implicatures (55.83%)—especially relevance-based (72%)—than formulaic types (48.61%). Indirect criticism proved most challenging (31.8%), followed by Minimum Requirement Rule implicatures (40.5%). Age significantly predicted performance: younger learners (20–25 years) outperformed older cohorts across all categories, suggesting critical period effects in pragmatic development. Gender differences were negligible, while institutional variations suggested contextual factors (e.g., pedagogy, resources) influence pragmatic development more than public/private status. Findings reveal that learners effectively leverage contextual cues for logical inferences but struggle with culturally embedded conventions requiring sociocultural knowledge. The study addresses critical research gaps by identifying: (1) formulaic implicatures as persistent challenges requiring explicit instruction, (2) age as a key developmental factor necessitating early pragmatic integration, and (3) institution-specific pedagogical impacts transcending structural distinctions. Results underscore imperatives for Yemeni EFL curricula to enhance focus on formulaic implicatures, integrate systematic cultural awareness training, and implement age-appropriate teaching strategies to address competence gaps exacerbated by limited authentic English exposure in conflict-affected educational contexts.

Gazelle Descriptions in Arabic Poetry: A Comparative Analysis of Ibn Zaydun and Ahmed Shawqi's Artistic Brilliance

2025-04-21T14:12:20+08:00

This study explored the comparative representation of the gazelle in the poetry of Ibn Zaydun and Ahmed Shawqi, two iconic figures in Arabic literature. The primary objective of this research was to uncover how each poet utilizes gazelle imagery to convey themes of beauty, love, and longing, and how their unique cultural and historical contexts influence their poetic interpretations. Employing a descriptive analytical methodology, the research involved a detailed textual analysis of selected poems by both poets, focusing on metaphor, metonymy, and analogy as key literary devices. The comparative analysis further highlighted the distinct poetic sensibilities of Ibn Zaydun and Shawqi, tracing their thematic and stylistic differences. Data was analyzed through a close reading technique, supported by existing scholarly literature, which provided a critical framework for understanding the evolution of gazelle symbolism in Arabic poetry. The study’s key findings revealed that while Ibn Zaydun's gazelle is emblematic of romantic longing and refined emotion rooted in Andalusian courtly tradition, Shawqi’s gazelle embodies a more dynamic and nationalistic spirit, reflecting Egypt’s Nahda (renaissance). These insights contribute to the broader understanding of Arabic literary symbolism, emphasizing the gazelle as a versatile poetic motif that transcends historical and cultural boundaries. The findings have significant implications for the study of Arabic literary tradition, offering a nuanced perspective on how classical symbols are adapted and reimagined across different periods.

The Influence of Synthetic Phonics Instruction in Enhancing Word Recognition of Thai Primary School Students

2025-04-30T11:27:18+08:00

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of synthetic phonics instruction on word recognition skills and students’ attitudes toward vocabulary learning. Vocabulary is a fundamental element of English learning and affects all language skills. Traditional methods emphasize memorization and grammar-translation, while learning in Thailand has restricted students to a small vocabulary. Forty primary school students participated in a quasi-experiment with two groups receiving either traditional, book-based or synthetic-based phonics instruction during eight treatment weeks of a ten-week schedule. Quantitative results showed that the experimental group performed better than the control group on receptive and productive word recognition, with statistically significant improvements in phonological awareness, working memory and decoding. Supporting qualitative evidence from focus group interviews revealed that students adopted favorable attitudes toward synthetic phonics instruction by becoming more engaged, confident, and motivated in vocabulary learning. However, a few learners of low proficiency tended to feel anxious about competitive tasks, thus implying the importance of adapting instruction to students and creating a positive classroom environment. The overall findings tend to affirm that synthetic phonics is an active and attractive method to promote word recognition and vocabulary acquisition among young EFL learners. The findings of this study offer practical implications for EFL professionals, indicating the importance of providing a balance of structured instruction and tailored individualized support to promote not only academic but also emotional success in language learning.

The Dynamic Character of Botho as Depicted in the Basotho Folktale of Phokojwe le Mokoko

2025-02-27T09:16:41+08:00

This investigation was inspired by the description of botho that is currently available. The phrase "botho," which is commonly used to describe a distinct kind of African humanism, specifically originates from the Basotho proverb Motho ke motho ka batho, which translates to "a person is a person through other people." There was a correlation between compassion, sincerity, and humanness as key African characteristics. This study argues that human nature—botho—should not be read too narrowly or as biased, as it is not always seeking peace. Because human nature is a dynamic phenomenon, Basotho folktales, such as Phokojwe le Mokoko, have always highlighted a variety of human attributes to raise awareness of the various personalities that exist in society. The folktale Phokojwe le Mokoko was examined and interpreted in a study that utilized Psychodynamic Theory, which considers human behavior, interpersonal connections, social issues, and the environment. The data were collected using textual and thematic analyses. The findings of this study revealed that botho is dynamic, as portrayed by Phokojwe le Mokoko, as Phokojwe lacks compassion, sincerity, and humanness. This study concludes that people should use both inner conflicts and social experiences to inform their choices, and that Basotho folktales are still relevant and can be used to help people in making good decisions.

Quantifying Metaphorical Language in Literature Using Fuzzy Semantics

2025-04-17T10:40:18+08:00

Using fuzzy semantics—a framework derived within cognitive linguistics that defines the way in which entities relate to objects—we introduce empirical justification for our parameter weights (0.3, 0.4, 0.3) based on a pilot study of 50 metaphor instances. We present a new approach for quantifying metaphorical language in centuries of literary writings. We deal with the inherent gradience of metaphoric expression by computing Fuzzy Membership Values (FMVs) from three core parameters: literalness, vividness, and abstraction. The analysis was complemented with the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP), and expert evaluations reveal insights into metaphoric use for a small-scale case study of selected verses by Sylvia Plath, Emily Dickinson, and an Indian English poet. Extended metaphors, novel sensory mappings, and conventional metaphors each produce different FMV ranges, offering an objective metric to demonstrate nuanced differentiations in metaphorical force. This quantitative manner complements traditional qualitative analyses and provides a replicable, scalable tool for literary criticism. We also report inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s κ = 0.82) and include updated figures (actual plots, not placeholders) for membership functions and α-cuts. Potential applications in educational and digital humanities are discussed, alongside future avenues such as automated NLP assignments and cross-linguistic validation. Including the AMI and sensitivity analysis strengthens methodological rigor and sets clear benchmarks for subsequent work.

Translating Paratexts: A Multimodal Analysis of Vietnamese Editions of Irish Chick Lit

2025-05-22T14:51:38+08:00

This study investigates the multimodal adaptation of paratextual elements, specifically titles, authorial branding, and book covers, in the Vietnamese translations of five Irish Chick Lit novels. Drawing on Genette’s theory of paratexts, Kress and van Leeuwen’s visual grammar, and Viezzi’s model of culturally adaptive titling, the analysis highlights how intersemiotic translation practices reframe genre identity, gender ideology, and reader positioning across cultural contexts. Using a qualitative, multimodal discourse analytic framework, the paper compares the Irish and Vietnamese editions of works by Marian Keyes, Cathy Kelly, and Cecelia Ahern. Findings reveal systematic shifts in the paratextual hierarchy, visual aesthetics, and semantic framing, reflecting both localization strategies and ideological filtering processes. Vietnamese editions emphasize emotional relatability and consumer-oriented femininity through vibrant color palettes, softened imagery, and downplayed author branding. Title translations exhibit a spectrum from literal rendering to metaphorical reframing, often modulating tone and cultural resonance to align with local genre expectations. This research contributes to translation studies by demonstrating how paratexts operate as strategic sites of meaning-making, market adaptation, and cultural negotiation in the global circulation of popular fiction. The study also highlights the importance of integrating visual and discursive dimensions into applied linguistic models of translation and reception.

Time Dissolved, Style Transformed: The Albanian Translation of Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway

2025-06-04T09:40:57+08:00

This article examines how Virginia Woolf’s modernist style, characterized by stream of consciousness, syntactic fragmentation, and figurative density, is translated into Albanian through Dorjan Kroqi’s version of Mrs Dalloway. Drawing on the approach of expressive stylistics, the study conducts a comparative textual analysis of three representative fragments, which are examined at four stylistic levels: lexical, syntactic, figurative, and emotional. The approach builds on the theoretical contributions of Galperin, Leech and Short, Munday, Boase-Beier, and Toury. The findings show that the Albanian translation, while preserving narrative coherence and semantic meaning, tends to soften or regulate stylistic discontinuities, emotional layering, and rhythmic fragmentation, essential features of Woolf’s literary modernism. This tendency reflects a broader pattern of “translational normalization,” — the tendency to adapt stylistic irregularities to the norms of the target language — in accordance with the stylistic norms of Albanian prose. The article argues that the translation of modernist literature into languages with limited traditions of stylistic experimentation requires a high sensitivity to form both as an expressive and interpretive function. Expressive stylistics, in this context, offers a valuable tool for assessing the translatability of aesthetic experience. The study contributes to the field of translation studies by showing how linguistic choices affect the emotional and perceptual depth of the original text in the target language.

Exploring Sacred Narratives: A Cross-Cultural Study of the Eleusinian Mysteries and Sa Worship

2025-04-17T14:00:10+08:00

The Eleusinian Mysteries, a central Greek ritual centers around the myth of Demeter and Persephone’s abduction and reconciliation, symbolizing cycles of agriculture, spiritual renewal, and the afterlife. Parallel yet distinct, China’s Dong ethnic group worships Sa, an ancestral mother goddess embodying nature’s fertility and communal protection. This cross-cultural study explores how both traditions bridge humanity and the sacred through structured ritual practices. Theologically, they all use motherhood as a universal metaphor for creation and cyclical renewal: the Eleusis ritual achieves spiritual rebirth through purification rituals and symbolic journeys, while Sa Worship harmonizes cosmic forces through temple rituals and collective ancestral ceremonies. Ecologically, both systems reflect ancient stewardship ethics－Eleusis links human life to earth’s fecundity, and Sa Worship reinforces communal responsibility for natural resources and ancestral lands. Methodologically, the analysis employs Burkert’s ritual theory alongside ethnographic studies of Dong oral traditions, revealing shared responses to universal human anxieties－death, ecological uncertainty, and the need for transcendence. Despite differing epistemologies (elitist initiation vs. communal participation), both traditions construct sacred narratives that transform existential fears into frameworks for resilience. Their ritual grammars offer models for sustainable spirituality in the modern era, demonstrating how agrarian societies developed parallel theologies to navigate life-death cycles and human dependence on nature. This comparison emphasizes the adaptability of specific cultures to archetypal themes while highlighting the eternal ecological wisdom embedded in sacred practices.

Cross-Linguistic Influence: Linguistic Variables or Acquisitional Preferences?

2025-04-17T10:22:34+08:00

Cross-linguistic influence (CLI) remains a central focus in second language acquisition (SLA), particularly in understanding how first language (L1) conceptual structures shape the perception and acquisition of second language (L2) features. Traditional models of SLA typically emphasize structural mismatches and the frequency of exposure, but often overlook the role of learner agency in conceptual restructuring. This study introduces the concept of acquisitional preferences, which refers to the idea that learners selectively attend to, retain, or overlook certain conceptual features in the L2, based on internalized priorities shaped by cognitive economy, communicative value, or perceived relevance. Synthesizing findings across studies of lexical, grammatical, and conceptual transfer, this theory-building review identifies consistent patterns and theoretical gaps in how conceptual transfer interacts with learner-driven selectivity. The findings of this study suggest that traditional linguistic variables – such as proficiency and input frequency – alone are insufficient to explain L2 conceptual restructuring fully. This study proposes a framework of acquisitional preferences that helps account for persistent inconsistencies in SLA, particularly in cases where learners resist restructuring despite substantial exposure. This model positions learners as active participants in shaping their acquisition pathways and offers a foundation for future empirical research using qualitative methods. Ultimately, it supports the development of more nuanced theories of cross-linguistic influence and cognitive adaptation in SLA.

Examining Academic Writing Proficiency and Self-perception among Non-English Major Students in a Thai Regional University

2025-05-16T11:02:57+08:00

In an English for academic purposes (ESP) course at a Thai regional university, evaluations primarily consist of multiple-choice exams. This approach can put students at a disadvantage when facing international standardized exams with essay writing. Therefore, this mixed methods research examined whether non-English majors at a regional university were adequately prepared for academic writing tasks and to analyse their self-perception regarding writing proficiency and needs. The participants comprised 166 sophomores and juniors enrolled in two ESP classes. They were tasked with writing an essay like those in the IELTS. Subsequently, a questionnaire was administered to gauge their perceptions of their performance. The results from the questionnaires showed that students lacked confidence in their own writing abilities. They felt that their abilities to write seemed insufficient for standardized English exams and expressed a need for a course on academic English writing, given that their future careers would require proficient English writing abilities. The results of comparing perceptions of readiness in essay writing show that students who obtained an A grade for this ESP course had more confidence only in reading prompts and writing a topic sentence than those who received a B, a C, and a D. Moreover, the results from essay grading corroborated that assessing students with multiple-choice exams might not be adequate for measuring proficiency in essay writing. Thai regional university students would benefit from an evaluation scheme that incorporates essay composing to gain more understanding and writing experiences.

War Trauma in Liaozhai Zhiyi: A Study of Intralingual Diachronic Translation Techniques

2025-04-03T22:37:31+08:00

This paper discusses the issues of rendering the horror aspect of war trauma in intralingual diachronic translations of Liaozhai Zhiyi (Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio). The overall issue examined is how to effectively render the intense, intricate mood of war trauma and maintain access for modern readers. Though there have been studies on literary translation assessing different facets of cultural transmission, research on the particular challenges of depicting war trauma in intralingual diachronic translations, particularly in the light of historical and cultural distance between the source text (ST) and contemporary readers, remains scarce. It is with this intention that the current study seeks to fill this void by considering Zhonghua Book Company (ZBC), one of China's most prestigious antiquarian publishers. It pays attention to how these methods succeed in retaining the emotional and horror aspects of the ST, which are critical to the depiction of war trauma. Based on Yu’s (2002) theory of war trauma and Chen’s (1999) techniques of translation, the paper applies a comparative and descriptive methodology in examining certain cases of translation. The results illustrate the important contribution of intralingual diachronic translations towards cultural preservation alongside their capacity for enabling a dynamic interaction between historical and modern visions. The research highlights the relevance of translation as a tool not just of cultural preservation but also of overcoming temporal boundaries, providing useful insights to both the literary study of horror and the theory of translation.

An Evidence-Based Policy Framework for Enhancing English Language Learning through Digital Technologies in Thai Higher Education

2025-05-12T16:37:27+08:00

This study proposes a comprehensive policy framework for integrating digital technology to enhance English language acquisition in Thai higher education. The paper offers evidence-based recommendations for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders to address the need for alignment between digital change and educational practices. Based on qualitative analyses of policy documents and educational reports, the research delineates three principal findings: (1) current policies prioritize the integration of digital technologies within curricula, proficiency standards, faculty development, and institutional support services to enhance language learning outcomes; (2) institutional guidelines concentrate on language proficiency benchmarks, technology integration, and assessment practices, establishing a basis for forthcoming language education reforms; and (3) emerging trends in Thai higher education encompass the growing utilization of mobile applications, online platforms, and immersive technologies, despite ongoing challenges concerning access, equity, and quality assurance. Government initiatives such as the Digital Education Excellence Platform facilitate the integration of digital tools that offer opportunities for international collaboration and personalized learning. The research endorses the proposed policy framework, highlighting the potential of artificial intelligence-driven technology to enhance English language proficiency. This study provides a strategic framework for institutional innovation and policy alignment while contributing to the ongoing discourse on sustainable digital integration in language education.

Inclusive Language Testing for Migrant and Global Learners: Theory Meets Practice in English-Mediated Instruction

2025-04-17T14:05:22+08:00

The growing diversity in higher education necessitates evaluation methods that authentically reflect the abilities of all learners fairly including international and migrant students. This study aims to elucidate the existing gap between the theoretical ideals of standard evaluations—henceforth known as inclusive language testing and assessment (ILTA)—and their practical applications through a mixed-methods approach. The participants of this study were 50 international students who were randomly selected, with the number determined through power analysis. Data collection was accomplished using a researcher-designed survey employing a Likert scale, which was validated through a pilot study. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather further insights. This mixed-methods approach allowed for a comprehensive understanding of the research topic. Findings of the present study reveal several critical issues: students express a strong need for assessments that provide flexible formats (e.g., oral, written, or project-based), with 90% of respondents agreeing that varied formats reduce anxiety and better capture their abilities. However, 68% report feeling unsupported in voicing assessment concerns, reflecting a lack of communication between educators and students. Additionally, only 10% of participants feel that their cultural backgrounds are considered in current assessments, highlighting the need for culturally relevant assessment content. Another issue highlighted in the findings is access to resources. Approximately 60% of students reported challenges, like limited digital access, which makes it difficult for them to participate effectively. The findings underscore a pressing need for inclusive assessment advocating for sustainable assessments that enhance fairness, provide clear criteria, and foster a sense of belonging for diverse learners.

Teachers’ Use of Generative AI in Jordanian Universities: Practices and Perceptions

2025-05-14T16:12:19+08:00

The rise of Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT and ChatPDF offers transformative possibilities in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. This study investigates how EFL instructors in Jordanian universities perceive and use AI tools to develop reading and writing materials. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 87 instructors via surveys and 15 via semi-structured interviews. Results show that while instructors recognize the benefits of AI in enhancing material quality, saving preparation time, and improving student engagement, they also express concerns regarding student overreliance, ethical implications, and challenges of integrating AI into traditional curricula. The findings suggest a critical need for targeted professional development to enhance AI literacy among instructors. Importantly, this study addresses a regional gap by offering empirical insights into AI adoption in Jordanian higher education. It contributes to the global and Middle Eastern understanding of opportunities and challenges in promoting responsible and effective AI integration in EFL teaching.

Critical Discourse Analysis of Anglicisms in Ukrainian Business and Media Communication

2025-04-18T15:02:11+08:00

The article highlights the specific features of the linguistic situation in Ukrainian society. Due to linguistic exchanges in economic and cultural cooperation with international organizations and enterprises, borrowing Anglicisms has become a mainstream tendency of the Ukrainian media and business vocabulary enrichment. Under these circumstances, the problem is preserving Ukrainian as the native language of Ukrainians and finding the ratio in applying Anglicisms in particular spheres of communication. The research question is: What are characteristic features of the linguistic situation in Ukrainian society? What influence do Anglicisms have on Ukrainian business and media discourse? And what categories of Anglicisms prevail in business and media communication in Ukraine? Critical Discourse Analysis allowed us to find a solution to the research question. The analysis reveals that the most frequently used words are professional terms that add precise and expressive meaning to these types of discourse. Following the classification suggested by A. Klégr, the categories of Anglicisms that prevail in Ukrainian media and business sources are primarily presented as unadapted borrowings, adapted borrowings, and loan translations. Other categories of Anglicisms do not influence the Ukrainian lexicon sufficiently. Anglicisms contribute to communication in professional spheres, namely in Ukrainian business discourse and media discourse. Most of them are professional terms or professional jargon. That proves the pragmatic interest of Ukrainians in Anglicisms of a particular type. Their social distribution signifies the openness of the Ukrainian language to borrowings that can enhance the efficiency of professional communication.

Increased Popularity of AI and Digital Technologies in ESP: A Bibliometric Review

2025-05-07T16:48:34+08:00

English serves as a global lingua franca, essential for communication across various industries. Despite focused instruction in English for specific purposes (ESP) in education, a gap remain between what is taught and the demands of specific fields. Therefore, understanding past and current research on ESP is crucial. This study aims to identify the frequent topics on ESP, with a particular focus on the integration of learning technologies. Eight hundred forty-three (843) papers spanning from 1991 to 2023, selected from the Scopus database, were examined and analyzed. The first-ranked journal with 999 is the first specialist peer-cited international journal, English for Specific Purposes, followed by the Journal of English for Academic Purposes with 316 citations, the International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism with 211 citations, and System with 146 citations. Results showed that China, the USA, and Russia are three of the top countries to which authors who publish about ESP in education. The study also highlights a notable rise in the frequency of topics such as the utilization of digital technologies, collaborative and assessment platforms, and artificial intelligent (AI) and Immersive technologies. The three key topics in ESP are expected to contribute to the effective development of ESP in education. The authors suggest that the rise of these topics is viewed as one of the positive outcomes of the pandemic. These trends are seen as crucial in shaping future of ESP in educational settings.

Solfeggio Teaching in Tonal Language Environment: Comparing Online-Offline Effectiveness in Chinese Higher Education

2025-03-13T11:40:48+08:00

The influences of tonal languages in Chinese higher education were the primary focus of this study, which compares the effectiveness of online and offline solfeggio teaching. The study employed a mixed methods approach with 60 undergraduate music students from three Chinese universities over two semesters. Participants were randomly assigned into online and offline instructional groups. This research examined solfeggio skill performance, patterns of tonal language interference, and teaching effectiveness using pre-test and post-test evaluations, surveys, and interviews. The statistical evaluation confirmed significant differences in the effectiveness of different teaching modalities. Both methods enhanced students' solfeggio skills, but offline teaching was more effective for rhythmic precision (p < 0.01) and had advantages for pitch accuracy (p < 0.05). Online teaching showed effectiveness in theoretical components and individual practice. Qualitative results revealed challenges in the online environment, including audio quality issues and limited multimodal feedback, along with adaptive strategies among online learners. The interference from tonal languages had a more pronounced effect on online learning (r = −0.67) compared with offline instruction (r = −0.48), indicating a need for pedagogical strategies tailored to online environments. This study contributes to music education in tonal language contexts by offering recommendations for online solfeggio teaching while informing curriculum planning where online instruction is utilized.

EFL teachers’ narrative pedagogy to cultivate EFL learners’ critical thinking skills and narrative writing development

2025-05-06T15:55:15+08:00

While previous studies often overlook the role of EFL teachers in fostering learners’ critical thinking and narrative writing development. This case study attempted to explore more comprehensively on how teacher’s narrative pedagogy promoted students’ critical thinking and narrative writing development. Research participants involved an experience narrative teacher as a local novelist (male 53) from a reputable public university in Indonesia and six junior high school students (3 males and 3 females, aged between 16.1-16.8) who participated in a semester narrative writing project to preserve the existence local narrative writers. The first data were collected from classroom observations and interviews based on teachers’ frequently prompt students (analysis of characters' motives, inference plot developments, and evaluate narrative texts) which helps them develop their critical thinking skills. Additionally, the second data were collected from students’ narrative writing development and interviews. The results indicates that the teachers often assigned the students to discuss motives and actions of the story from multiple perspectives, compare traditional beliefs to contemporary perspectives of the story, problem solving and create a space for debate toward a moral and social values of the story. Teachers’ narrative pedagogy also was also reflected in the students’ narrative writing through expanding the themes, altering the setting and ending of the story, exploring character’ complexity, connecting the themes into personal and societal issue, incorporating moral into new views, and language selection.

Oxymoron in Victor Hugo’s Novel «The Man Who Laughs»: A Stylistic and Rhetorical Analysis

2025-05-22T17:13:11+08:00

This article examines the oxymoron as an expressive device actively employed by Victor Hugo in the novel «The Man Who Laughs». The study aims to identify the structural, semantic, and functional features of oxymoronic constructions found in the literary text. Special attention is paid to how semantically opposite elements are combined within a single utterance, forming a poetics of paradox typical of Romanticism. Based on analysis of specific passages from the novel, the research identifies lexical-morphological models of oxymorons and their role in creating emotional tension, vivid imagery, and philosophical depth. Oxymoron is considered not only as a stylistic figure, but also as a key component of the author's worldview, conveying the idea of the fusion of opposites in human fate. The material of the study is the Russian translation of the novel, compared with the original French text. The article applies methods of contextual and lingo-stylistic analysis, whose results confirm the significance of oxymorons in the compositional structure and ideological content of the work.

Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Academic Writing: A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends, Advancements, and Ethical Challenges

2025-04-01T14:38:50+08:00

This study investigates how artificial intelligence (AI) impacts academic writing, examining how it might improve language proficiency while addressing moral dilemmas. It explores AI's benefits and possible downsides via bibliometric analysis, emphasizing its impact on various academic fields and the necessity of a methodical, moral integration into language training. This review analyzes research on AI in academic writing using bibliometric methods. Publications from Scopus (2014-2024) were examined with the keywords “AI in academic writing." Data were processed through CSV, Excel, RIS, VOS viewer, and Map chart. The study identifies trends, top authors, institutions, and key research clusters in this domain. Artificial intelligence technologies, including ChatGPT and Grammarly, are acknowledged for their contributions to the improvement of writing fluency, grammatical precision, and reader engagement; however, apprehensions surrounding academic integrity and the ethical utilization of artificial intelligence continue to exist, underscoring the necessity for a judicious and ethical integration within academic contexts. This study explores the increasing significance of artificial intelligence (AI) in scholarly writing. AI applications such as ChatGPT and Jenni AI enhance writing proficiency but provoke ethical dilemmas, including issues of plagiarism and dependency. It is essential to reconcile the advantages of AI with ethical considerations.

Exploring EFL Blended Mobile Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

2025-06-04T17:10:27+08:00

The growth of mobile learning significantly portrays flexibility and accessibility. It increased the approach to education for both learners and teachers globally. Although numerous studies have examined the state of mobile learning (M-learning), there remains a need for more focused research, particularly within the context of the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) blended learning environment. This study identifies a comprehensive analysis of blended mobile learning research conducted from 2020 to 2024. A search across databases yielded 1096 articles from Scopus and Google Scholar, which were subsequently filtered down to 41 relevant studies for in-depth analysis, following a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) protocol. All 41 screened articles focus on the EFL context. The use of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) design provided structured and valid data for the findings. The study identified key applications, regional perspectives, the implementation of blended learning, and factors that contributed to blended mobile learning experiences. The analysis also explored the benefits, challenges, and potential opportunities associated with this learning modality. The study underscores the importance of addressing challenges such as technological limitations and unequal access to ensure that blended mobile learning benefits are equitable and inclusive in the EFL context. This SLR aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the foundational principles necessary to inform policymakers, course designers, and blended learning facilitators in optimizing M-learning.

Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs) in English Language Education: A Systematic Review

2025-05-13T14:04:34+08:00

Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs) have emerged as a promising instructional model in English language education, offering structured, flexible, and scalable learning opportunities within blended or hybrid contexts. This systematic review synthesises 36 empirical studies published between 2015 and 2025 to examine how SPOCs have been pedagogically designed, methodologically investigated, and evaluated in diverse educational settings. The studies were identified through a comprehensive search of Scopus and Web of Science and analysed thematically in terms of methodological approaches, instructional strategies, and reported learning outcomes. Findings reveal considerable methodological variation, including qualitative case studies, quasi-experimental designs, mixed-methods inquiries, and design-based research. Pedagogically, SPOCs were most frequently implemented in flipped classroom models and integrated with skill-specific scaffolding, adaptive technologies, gamified features, and collaborative or reflective tasks. These designs were aligned with communicative and learner-centred approaches to language teaching. Reported outcomes spanned linguistic, cognitive, affective, and behavioural domains, with most studies indicating gains in grammar, vocabulary, writing, and speaking, as well as enhanced learner autonomy, motivation, and metacognitive awareness. The review underscores the pedagogical value of SPOCs when thoughtfully integrated into language curricula and supported by appropriate technological and instructional design. It highlights the potential of SPOCs to personalise learning, support skill-specific development, and promote active, reflective, and autonomous learning. These findings offer timely guidance for educators, instructional designers, and policymakers aiming to enhance English language education in increasingly hybrid and digital environments.

The Role of Corpus Linguistics in Information and Communication Technologies Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends

2025-04-17T13:54:42+08:00

By improving linguistic analysis and digital literacy, corpus linguistics' incorporation into information and communication technologies (ICT) education empowers students to use standardized research techniques across languages. Thanks to ICT tools, students become active researchers instead of passive learners, encouraging linguistic inquiry. This multidisciplinary method updates corpus-based research for worldwide relevance by utilizing automation and data analysis. Using the Web of Science and Scopus databases, this study performs a bibliometric analysis of publications on corpus linguistics in ICT education from 2004 to 2024. VOSviewer, Excel, and CSV files were used for data extraction, screening, and analysis. The study provides information about the knowledge structure of the field by identifying publication trends, essential authors, journals, and keyword clusters. The study shows that corpus linguistics research among ICT students follows a cyclical pattern, with Web of Science peaking in 2014 and Scopus peaking in 2018. Publications from early research (2004–2010) were few, but after 2010, interest increased. For 20 years, key terms have not changed, highlighting a long-term scholarly focus. Research trends are heavily influenced by institutional structures, disciplinary traditions, and ICT adoption; this emphasizes the necessity of customized ICT policies in corpus linguistics education. Based on cyclical publication patterns in Web of Science and Scopus, the findings show a shift from a theoretical focus to ICT integration. The study emphasizes how interdisciplinary approaches are necessary to improve the sustainability and accessibility of corpus linguistics in ICT education.

Artificial Intelligence and the Simulacrum in Literature

2025-04-18T11:32:07+08:00

The article offers a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of literary texts created with the involvement of artificial intelligence (AI), examined through philosophical, cultural, ethical, and literary-theoretical approaches. The aim of the research is to interpret AI-generated literature through the lens of Jean Baudrillard’s concepts of simulacra and hyperreality, as well as to explore the transformation of authorship in the age of generative technologies. The objects of analysis are two AI-assisted literary works: the Japanese short story The Day a Computer Writes a Novel and the American novel 1 the Road. The methodological framework is based on poststructuralist theory and integrates interdisciplinary research from philosophy, law, cultural studies, literary criticism, and cognitive science. The study examines models of human-AI collaboration in literary creation (curator, co-author, coordinator, scriptor) and addresses legal and intellectual property issues related to automated writing. It also analyzes cultural differences in the reception of AI literature in Western and East Asian societies, shaped by mythological and religious traditions legitimizing AI as a creative agent. Special attention is given to shifts in reader perception, the “semantic void,” and evolving expectations tied to machine authorship. The analysis positions AI literature as a simulacral textual form, replicating literary genres without ontological ties to human experience. This opens new perspectives on authorship, genre, originality, and the creative function of literature in digital culture. The study lays theoretical groundwork for future research on AI in the humanities and emphasizes the need for continued interdisciplinary investigation.

A Systematic Review Analysis of Papers from the Web of Science Database Published in English between 2019 and 2023

2025-05-26T20:43:12+08:00

This bibliometric analysis investigates research trends in academic writing by examining a corpus of 202 articles published between 2019 and 2023, as indexed in the Web of Science database. The study explores various metrics, including the volume of published research, the most prolific countries, journals, affiliations, and authors, as well as highly cited papers, co-authorship patterns, and keyword trends. The findings are as follows: (1) China consistently held a leading position, with the highest number of publications and research funding organizations throughout the five years. (2) The authors Jian Fu, K. Hyland, and X.F. Lu had the most significant impact on the field, with their contributions constituting approximately 50% of the total publications. (3) These authors were also the most frequently cited, with 207 citations. The Journal of English for Academic Purposes emerged as a predominant venue, publishing 35% of all analyzed papers and leading in publication volume and citation impact. This bibliometric analysis is significant for its comprehensive examination of contemporary research trends in Academic Writing, which emphasises the contributions of key contributors, influential journals, and dominant countries such as China. The study illuminates the primary factors that have influenced academic discourse and knowledge production from 2019 to 2023 by identifying prolific authors and citation patterns. Nonetheless, to further develop technology-based methodologies and innovative approaches, additional comprehensive research is warranted.