Journal of Electronic & Information Systems

Fuzzy Inference System for Analysing Physical Fitness Metrics of Male-Female Trainee Athletes: De-Fuzzification via Hull and Sigma Scale Analysis

Rita Rani — 2025-07-25

A simulation-based and deterministic approach was employed to assess the health-related fitness of upper primary school students through a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) implemented in MATLAB. Standardized physical assessments were used to gather fitness data, which were then systematically categorized by gender and grade. While statistical metrics such as mean and standard deviation were extracted, inconsistencies and data ambiguities reduced the effectiveness of a strictly deterministic analysis. To overcome these limitations, fuzzy logic was introduced to better manage uncertainty and overlapping patterns in the data. Linguistic variables derived from the Hull and Sigma Scales were incorporated as signal descriptors within the fuzzy framework, improving system interpretability. A triangular membership function was chosen for its balance of computational simplicity and accuracy in classifying fitness levels. Simulation outcomes revealed that the Hull Scale achieved 18% higher consistency in classification compared to the Sigma Scale, highlighting its superior diagnostic performance and potential for identifying health-related fitness trends across diverse student populations. Additionally, optimal input parameters were identified, further enhancing the functionality of decision support systems in school health monitoring. Results confirmed that integrating fuzzy logic with deterministic models leads to a more adaptable and reliable method for assessing student fitness across genders. This hybrid approach can support educators, health professionals, and policymakers in developing more effective, targeted physical wellness interventions. Thus, upper primary students' health-related fitness can be accurately evaluated using a FIS-based system in MATLAB, enhancing performance in youth-focused decision support applications.

Low – Power TSPC Flip-Flop with Auto-Gated Clock Gating, Power Gating and Redundant-Transition Suppression

Bairi. Rohith Kumar — 2025-08-13

An advanced low-power True Single Phase Clock (TSPC) flip-flop design leveraging a synergistic integration of three power-saving techniques: auto-gated clock gating, power gating, and redundant-transition suppression. The proposed architecture targets both dynamic and leakage power reduction in sequential circuits without sacrificing speed or timing integrity. Auto-gated clock gating dynamically disables the clock signal when input data remains stable, eliminating unnecessary switching activity. Power gating is employed to disconnect the power supply to idle flip-flop stages during prolonged inactivity, significantly reducing static leakage current. Additionally, redundant-transition suppression logic prevents internal node toggling in response to non-transitioning inputs, further minimizing dynamic power dissipation. These techniques are seamlessly embedded within the TSPC structure, preserving its inherent advantages such as single-phase clock operation and high-speed performance. The design is implemented and verified through post-layout simulations in a standard CMOS technology, demonstrating substantial improvements in energy efficiency compared to conventional TSPC and other existing low-power flip-flop designs. Results indicate significant reductions in both active and standby power consumption, achieving superior energy-delay product metrics. The proposed flip-flop is particularly well-suited for high-performance digital systems operating under stringent energy constraints, such as portable and battery-powered devices. By intelligently managing clock and power resources while maintaining robust functionality, this design offers a practical and scalable solution for next-generation energy-efficient integrated circuits.

P-CSNKS: Post-Quantum Collaborative Signature Scheme with Non-Linear Private Key Splitting Technique

Fei Long — 2025-07-17

Traditional collaborative signature schemes face significant challenges in resisting quantum computing attacks, securing private keys in distributed architectures, and balancing operational efficiency, which are critical requirements for modern electronic and information systems like IoT, blockchain, and federated learning. This paper proposes P-CSNKS, a novel post-quotum collaborative signature scheme featuring a non-linear private key splitting technique. Unlike linear secret sharing, P-CSNKS partitions the master private key into multiple interdependent subkeys using multiplicative inverses and modular arithmetic, ensuring algebraic interdependencies prevent full key reconstruction even if attackers compromise sufficient shares. Simultaneously, the scheme embeds hash-based post-quantum signature components directly into the collaborative ECDSA signing workflow. This hybrid design maintains backward compatibility with standard ECDSA verification while establishing dual security layers: one for classical security and another providing provable existential unforgeability against quantum adversaries in the quantum random oracle model. Crucially, P-CSNKS achieves this quantum resistance without incurring prohibitive computational costs. Rigorous experimental evaluations demonstrate that P-CSNKS significantly outperforms lattice-based while also showing efficiency gains against hash-based scheme. The optimized algorithms for key generation, signing, and verification ensure lightweight performance suitable for latency-sensitive applications. Thus, P-CSNKS delivers enhanced security against both classical and quantum threats while meeting the stringent efficiency demands of next-generation distributed systems.