Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Changes Affecting Regional Ecology in Patna Urban Agglomeration (PUA) in Bihar, India During 1990 to 2024

Ekta Raman — 2025-01-17

Patna is among the cities high populated at risk of ecological and environmental deterioration due to a variety of human activities, such as poor land cover management. One of the most crucial elements of a successful land resource management plan is the evaluation of Land Use Land Cover (LULC). Over the past 20 years, our planet's land cover resources have undergone substantial changes due to rapid development. The Land Use Land Cover (LULC) categories of the Patna Urban Agglomeration (PUA), including water bodies, agricultural land, barren land, built-up areas, and vegetation, were identified using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Three multi-temporal images were analyzed and classified through supervised classification using the maximum likelihood method. By comparing three separately created LULC categorized maps from 1990 and 2024, temporal changes were analyzed. In order to update land cover or manage natural resources, it is vital to use change detection as a tool to identify changes in LULC over time in PUA, Patna between 1990, 2010 and 2024. According to their respective Kappa coefficients, the accuracy rates for 1990, 2010 and 2024 LULC are 91.66 and 94.93, respectively. An accuracy evaluation was conducted to determine the correctness of the classification system and to determine the efficacy of the LULC classification maps. One hundred reference test pixels were identified. There have been found significant changes in the LULC were built up area has increased doubled in last thirty-four years of timeline.

Coupling and Spatial Disparities of Regional Economy and Ecosystem in High-Quality Town Development

Xinyi Ren — 2025-01-23

This study investigates the coordination between regional economic growth and ecological sustainability within the context of high-quality town economy development. To address the challenges of balancing economic expansion with environmental protection, a comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed, encompassing two key dimensions: regional economy and ecological environment. Using panel data from 2013 to 2022, the coupling coordination degree model is employed to quantify the interactions and synergy between these dimensions. Additionally, spatial econometric methods are applied to calculate both global and local Moran’s Index, revealing spatial clustering patterns, regional disparities, and heterogeneity. The relative development model further identifies critical factors influencing regional coordination, with a focus on the lagging development of basic infrastructure and public services. The findings demonstrate a positive temporal trend toward improved regional coordination and reduced development gaps, with a spatial pattern characterized by higher coupling degrees in eastern and central regions compared to western areas. Based on these results, this study proposes actionable strategies to enhance coordinated development, emphasizing ecological conservation, the establishment of green production and consumption systems, ecological restoration, and strengthened municipal collaboration.This revised abstract emphasizes the study’s purpose, methods, and key findings more clearly while maintaining a professional and concise tone. Finally, based on the above analysis results, the corresponding coordinated development suggestions of regional economy and ecological environment are given from the aspects of ecological environment protection measures, green production and consumption system construction, ecological environment restoration and municipal coordination.

Research in Ecology

Spatio-Temporal Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Changes Affecting Regional Ecology in Patna Urban Agglomeration (PUA) in Bihar, India During 1990 to 2024

Coupling and Spatial Disparities of Regional Economy and Ecosystem in High-Quality Town Development