Stilling and its Aerodynamic Effects on Pan Evaporation

Authors

  • Qiang Liu Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing,100875, China
  • Sirui Yan Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing,100875, China
  • Liqiao Liang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Liya Su Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing,100875, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/hsme.v2i2.2266

Abstract

Declines in wind speed (u) (termed as “stilling”) has been reported in many regions of the world. To explore the temporal trends of u and its aerodynamic effects is vital to understand the changes in water resources. This study analyzed the changes of temporal trends for u and its aerodynamic effects using the data during 1959-2000 at 266 stations across China. The improved PenPan model was used to estimate pan evaporation (Epan) and quantify the contribution of radiative and aerodynamic components (aerodynamic component separated into wind speed u, vapour pressure deficit D, and air temperature Ta). Climate factors include Epan measured with the standard Chinese 20 cm diameter pan, u, Ta, relative humidity (rh) and sunshine hours (sh). The results showed: stilling occurred in most of stations (206 among 266) and 105 stations presented significant decreasing trends at 99% confidence level; stilling was the main cause for controlling the trends in Epan in most part of China, especially in the west and north of China. The results indicated that decreasing trends in Epan due to stilling would inevitably alter water resources, and should be put further investigation incorporation other factors.

Keywords:

Wind speed; Pan evaporation; Stilling; PenPan model; Aerodynamic effect

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Vol. 2 , Iss. 2 (October 2020)

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