Sero-prevalence, Risk Factor and Community Perception of Foot and Mouse Disease in Cattle under Extensive Management in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia

Authors

  • Angesom Taye Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Mekhoni Agricultural Research Center, Mekhoni, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Berihun Afera Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
  • Nigus Abebe Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v2i1.2014

Abstract

To determine the sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease in southern zone of Tigray, North Ethiopia, a cross-sectional examination of 340 sera samples were conducted from November 2015 up to May 2016. In addition, a structured questionnaire survey was done to know the perception and knowledge of the local community about the disease and 120 informants were interviewed. The overall sero-prevalence was 20.9% and there was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) in prevalence of foot and mouth disease between sexes, agro-ecology, breed and vaccination history. However, a statistical significant difference (P< 0.05) was noticed between the age groups, different body conditions, farming systems, and history of contact with wild life. The logistic regression analysis indicated that all the factors which had an association with sero-positivity were found significant risk factors for the disease. The questionnaire survey indicated that 65% of the contacted informants described the disease consistent with the major clinical signs mentioned in literature. The study revealed that the virus is circulating in the area and requires further identification of the serotypes. Moreover, implementing control of foot and mouth disease with integrated approaches has paramount importance. 

Keywords:

Cattle; Foot and mouth disease; Sero-prevalence; Tigray

References

[1] Abunna, F., Fikru, S. and Rufael, T., 2013. Sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease (FMD) at Dire Dawa and its Surroundings, Eastern Ethiopia. Global Veterinaria, 11 (5), 575-578

[2] Alexandersen, S., Zhang, Z., Donaldson, A.L. and Garland, A.J., 2003. The Pathogenesis and diagnosis of foot and mouth disease. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 129, 1-36

[3] CSA, 2007. Summary and statistical report of the 2007 population and housing census. Population census commission, Central statistical agency, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 56-58

[4] CSA, 2015. Agricultural sample survey, volume II: report on livestock and livestock characteristics (Private peasant holdings). Statistical bulletin 578. Central statistical agency, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 10-38

[5] Depa, P.M., Umesh, D., Sharma, M.C. and Tiwari, R., 2012. Update on epidemology and control of foot and mouth disease-a menace to international trade and global animal enterprise. Veterinary world, 5 (11), 694-704

[6] Desissa, F., Tura, D., Mamo, B. and Rufael, T., 2014. Epidemological study on foot and mouth disease in cattle: Seroprevalence and riskfactor assessment in Kellem Wellega zone, west Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9 (18), 1391-1395

[7] Domingo, E., Baranowsk, E., Escarmis, S. et al., 2002. Foot and mouth disease virus. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 25 (5-6), 297-308

[8] Duguma, M., Jibril, Y., Issa, A. and Hunde, A., 2013. Sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease of cattle in Bale zone, Oromiya regional state, Ethiopia. Global Veterinaria, 11 (1), 59-64

[9] Gelaye, E., Ayelet, G., Abera, T. and Asmare, K., 2009. Seroprevalence of foot and mouth disease in Bench Maji zone,Southwestern Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 1 (1), 5-10

[10] Grubman, M.J. and Baxt, B., 2004. Foot-and-mouth disease. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 17 (2), 465-493

[11] Jenbere, T.S., Etana, M. and Negussi, H., 2011. Study on the risk factors of foot and mouth disease in selected districts of Afar pastoral area, Northeast Ethiopia. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10 (11), 1368-1372

[12] Jensen, K., English, B.C. and Menard, J., 2003. Projected economic impacts of a foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreak in Tennessee. Agri-industry Modelling and 201Analysis Group Industry brief, Available at: http://web.utk.edu/~aimag/.pubs/ FMD.Pdf

[13] Johnson, R.F., 1999. The Stockman's Handbook by Ensminger, 2nd ed., 539

[14] Leta, S. and Mesele, F., 2014. Spatial analysis of cattle and shoat population in Ethiopia: growth trend, distribution and market access. Springerplus, 3, 310

[15] Longjam, N., Deb, R., Sarmah, A.K., Tayo, T., Awachat, V.B. and Saxena, V.K., 2011. A Brief review on diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease of livestock: conventional to molecular tools. Veterinary Medicine International, 1-17

[16] Mekonen, H., Beyene, D., Rufael, T., Feyisa, A. and Abunna, F., 2011. Study on the prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease in Borana and Guji Zones, Southern Ethiopia. Veterinary World, 4 (7), 293-296

[17] Metaferia, F., Cherenet, T., Gelan, A., Abnet, F., Tesfay, A., Ali, J.A and Gulilat, W., 2011. A review to improve estimation of livestock contribution to the national GDP. Ministry of finance and economic development and ministry of agriculture, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 33

[18] MOARD, 2000. Ministry of agriculture and rural development annual report on diseases of livestock in Ethiopia. Department of Veterinary Service, MOARD, Addis Ababa, 2-8

[19] MOARD, 2005. Ministry of agriculture and rural development annual report on diseases of livestock in Ethiopia. Department of veterinary service, MOARD, Addis Ababa. Pp. 2-8

[20] Mohamoud, A., Tessema, E. and Degefu, H., 2011. Sero-prevalence of bovine foot and mouth disease in Awbere and Babille districts of Jijiga zone, Somalia regional state, Eastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 5 (21), 3559-3563

[21] Molla, B., Ayelet, G., Asfaw, Y., Jibril, Y. and Gelaye, E., 2013. Participatory epidemiology and associated risk factors of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle in South Omo zone, South-Western Ethiopia. Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, 5 (11), 322-328

[22] Molla, B., Ayelet, G., Asfaw, Y., Jibril, Y., Ganga, G. and Gelaye, E., 2010. Epidemiological study on foot-and- mouth disease in cattle: Seroprevalence and risk factor assessment in South Omo zone, south-western Ethiopia. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 57, 340-347

[23] Nawaz, Z., Arshad, M., Rahman, S. and Iqbal, Z., 2014. Epidemiology of foot and mouth disease in buffaloes and cattle of Punjab using non structural proteins ELISA. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science , 51 (2), 497-501

[24] Nicholson, M.J. and Butterworth, M.H. 1986. A guide to condition scoring of zebu cattle, ILCA, Addis Ababa, 4-6

[25] OIE, 2012. World organization for animal health: Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines, Office International des Epizooties terrestrial manual, Version adopted by the world assembly of delegates of the OIE, 145-173

[26] Olabode, O.H., Kazeem, H.M., Raji, M.A. and Ibrahim, N.D., 2013. Seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease virus antibodies in trade cattle (Bos indicus) in Kwara state of Nigeria. Veterinary World, 6 (10), 828-832

[27] Petry, N.M., 2002. A comparison of young, middle-aged, and older Adult treatment-Seeking Pathological Gamblers. The Gerontologist, 42(1), 92-99

[28] Singh, B.P., Sharma, M.C. and Tiwari, R., 2007. Effect of foot and mouth disease vaccination in linkage villages of IVRI's India. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 19 (8). Retrieved June 4, 2016, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd19/8/sing19119.htm.

[29] Thrusfield, M.V., 2005. Veterinary epidemiology, 3rd ed. Oxford, UK, Blackwell Science, 229-240

[30] Yahya, M., Hailemariam, Z., Amare, L.B. and Rufael, T., 2013. Seroprevalence of foot and mouth disease in traditionally managed cattle in East and West Hararghe zones, Ethiopia. Revued’élevageet de médecinevétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 66 (1), 19-24

[31] Zerabruk, G., Romha, G. and Rufael, T., 2014. Sero-epidemiological investigation of foot and mouth disease in cattle managed under extensive husbandry system in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Global Veterinaria, 13(1), 112-116

Downloads

Issue

Article Type

Articles