Interaction between Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy

Authors

  • Yasemin Benderli Cihan Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Turkey

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jor.v1i1.1263

Abstract

In recent years, treatment methods on immune checkpoints have emerged as promising novel therapeutic modalities against cancer as a result of studies focusing on elucidation of immune micro-environment. Immunotherapy has now become an established treatment in some cancers. [1-2] This has led the need for investigation of biomarkers which allow determining effectiveness of immunotherapies and patient groups which will most benefit from these therapies. In previous studies, it was suggested that programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expressions could be predictive biomarkers in cancers. PD-1 is a transmembrane protein present in macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells, B cells, epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, which limits and inhibits immunological activation in activated T cells. Blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction promises hope in the cancer treatment.  In clinical studies, it was shown that targeted PD-1/PD-L1 therapy alone or in combination with other modalities is beneficial in advanced cancers with aggressive behavior. It was shown that overexpression of PD-1 present in tumoral micro-environment is associated to poor prognosis in gastric cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney, pancreas and lung cancers and in melanoma. [1-5]

Keywords:

Immunotherapy; Radiotherapy

References

[1] Kroeze SG, Fritz C, Hoyer M, et al. Toxicity of concurrent stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy or immunotherapy: A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017, 53: 25-37.

[2] DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2016.11.013

[3] Seyedin SN, Schoenhals JE, Lee DA, et al. Strategies for combining immunotherapy with radiation for anticancer therapy.Immunotherapy. 2015, 7(9): 967-980.

[4] DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.65

[5] De Wolf K, Kruse V, Sundahl N, et al. A phase II trial of stereotactic body radiotherapy with concurrent anti-PD1 treatment in metastatic melanoma: evaluation of linical and immunologic response. J Transl Med. 2017, 15(1): 21.

[6] DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1123-x

[7] Patel KR, Lawson DH, Kudchadkar RR, et al. Two heads beter than one? Ipilimumab immunotherapy and radiation therapy for melanoma brain metastases. NeuroOncol, 2015, 17(10): 1312–21.

[8] Dewan MZ, Galloway AE, Kawashima N, et al. Fractionated but not single-dose radiotherapy induces an immune-mediated abscopal effect when combined with anti-CTLA-4 antibody. Clin Cancer Res, 2009, 15: 5379–88.

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How to Cite

Cihan, Y. B. (2019). Interaction between Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy. Journal of Oncology Research, 1(1), 14–15. https://doi.org/10.30564/jor.v1i1.1263

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Article Type

Articles