Attitudes About Cryptocurrency Incentives for Research Participation

Authors

  • Dominic Arjuna Ugarte

    Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 640, Orange, CA 92868, United States of America

  • Sean Young

    Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 640, Orange, CA 92868, United States of America

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/aia.v5i1.5395
10 January 2023 | Revised: 28 February 2023 | Accepted: 21 March 2023 | Published Online: 30 March 2023

Abstract

It is essential to continually assess and find new ways to recruit and retain participants for research studies. Cryptocurrency is growing in popularity and may be a novel way to incentivize research participants. 100 participants, 50 of whom already had a cryptocurrency wallet and 50 of whom did not have a cryptocurrency wallet, were recruited through Facebook ads and completed a survey that asked about their experience with cryptocurrency and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and potential interest in use of it for compensating research participants. The majority of respondents (79%) had some experience with cryptocurrency and 85% said they were comfortable trading cryptocurrency. Many participants had exchanged cryptocurrency within the past month (62%) and over their lifetime (70%). Respondents, however, were less familiar with NFTs, with only half having some experience with them. 18% of those without a cryptocurrency wallet and 42% of those with a cryptocurrency wallet chose to be compensated by cryptocurrency and NFT. Results suggest that, although cash and gift card incentives are preferred, there is an interest in cryptocurrency and NFTs. More studies will need to be done on a larger sample size and some of the challenges discussed (like cryptocurrency volatility) need to be addressed.

Keywords:

healthcare; behavioral intentions; user psychology; cryptocurrency

References

[1] Chaudhari, N., Ravi, R., Gogtay, N.J., et al., 2020. Recruitment and retention of the participants in clinical trials: Challenges and solutions. Perspectives in Clinical Research. 11(2), 64-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/picr.PICR_206_19

[2] Kelly, B., Margolis, M., McCormack, L., et al., 2017. What affects people’s willingness to participate in qualitative research? An experimental comparison of five incentives. Field Methods. 29(4), 333-350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X17698958

[3] Medway, R., Tourangeau, R., 2015. Response quality in telephone surveys. Public Opinion Quarterly. 79(2), 524-543. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfv011

[4] Treweek, S., Lockhart, P., Pitkethly, M., et al., 2013. Methods to improve recruitment to randomised controlled trials: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 3(2), e002360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002360

[5] Abdelazeem, B., Abbas, K.S., Amin, M.A., et al., 2022. The effectiveness of incentives for research participation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 17(4), e0267534. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267534

[6] Halpern, S.D., Chowdhury, M., Bayes, B., et al., 2021. Effectiveness and ethics of incentives for research participation: 2 randomized clinical trials. JAMA Internal Medicine. 181(11), 1479-1488. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.5450

[7] Michaud, T.L., Estabrooks, P.A., You, W., et al., 2022. Effectiveness of incentives to improve the reach of health promotion programs- a systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine. 162, 107141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107141

[8] Nakamoto, S., 2008. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System [Internet]. Available from: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf

[9] Cryptocurrency Prices, Charts And Market Capitalizations [Internet]. CoinMarketCap. [cited 2022 Jan 28]. Available from: https://coinmarketcap.com/

[10] 250+ Stores That Accept Bitcoin | BitPay’s Curated Directory of Places to Spend Cryptocurrency [Internet]. BitPay. [cited 2023 Mar 16]. Available from: https://bitpay.com/

[11] Nadini, M., Alessandretti, L., Di Giacinto, F., et al., 2021. Mapping the NFT revolution: market trends, trade networks, and visual features. Scientific Reports. 11(1), 20902. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00053-8

[12] Tian, W.M., Blau, J.A., Rames, J.D., et al., 2022. Nonfungible tokens in plastic surgery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open. 10(4), e4278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000004278

[13] Bambrough, B., 2018. Bitcoin Is ‘Here To Stay’ Says Wall Street Boss Amid Crypto Rout [Internet]. Forbes. [cited 2022 Feb 7]. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/billybambrough/2018/11/29/bitcoin-is-here-to-stay-says-wall-street-boss-amid-crypto-rout/

[14] Urquhart, A., Lucey, B., 2022. Crypto and digital currencies - nine research priorities. Nature. 604(7904), 36-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-00927-5

[15] Alkhalisi, Z., 2018. Cryptocurrency Regulation is ‘Inevitable’ Says IMF Boss Christine Lagarde [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jan 28]. Available from: https://money.cnn.com/2018/02/11/investing/lagarde-bitcoin-regulation/index.html

[16] Let’s Talk about the Challenges with Widespread Crypto Adoption [Internet]. Penser. [cited 2022 Jan 28]. Available from: https://www.penser.co.uk/article/lets-talk-about-the-challenges-with-widespread-crypto-adoption/

Downloads

How to Cite

Ugarte, D. A., & Young, S. (2023). Attitudes About Cryptocurrency Incentives for Research Participation. Artificial Intelligence Advances, 5(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.30564/aia.v5i1.5395

Issue

Article Type

Case Report