SAR Change Detection Algorithm Combined with FFDNet Spatial Denoising

Authors

  • Yuqing Wu

    Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

  • Qing Xu

    Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

  • Zheng Zhang

    Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

  • Jingzhen Ma

    Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

  • Tianming Zhao

    Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

  • Xinming Zhu

    Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v5i2.5980
Received: 21 September 2023 | Revised: 20 October 2023 | Accepted: 26 October 2023 | Published Online: 10 November 2023

Abstract

Objectives: When detecting changes in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, the quality of the difference map has an important impact on the detection results, and the speckle noise in the image interferes with the extraction of change information. In order to improve the detection accuracy of SAR image change detection and improve the quality of the difference map, this paper proposes a method that combines the popular deep neural network with the clustering algorithm.Methods: Firstly, the SAR image with speckle noise was constructed, and the FFDNet architecture was used to retrain the SAR image, and the network parameters with better effect on speckle noise suppression were obtained. Then the log ratio operator is generated by using the reconstructed image output from the network. Finally, K-means and FCM clustering algorithms are used to analyze the difference images, and the binary map of change detection results is generated. Results: The experimental results have high detection accuracy on Bern and Sulzberger's real data, which proves the effectiveness of the method.

Keywords:

SAR change detection, Image noise reduction, FFDNet, Difference diagram, Clustering algorithm

References

[1] Gong, M., Zhao, J., Liu, J., et al., 2015. Change detection in synthetic aperture radar images based on deep neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. 27(1), 125-138.

[2] Gao, F., Dong, J., Li, B., et al., 2016. Automatic change detection in synthetic aperture radar images based on PCANet. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 13(12), 1792-1796.

[3] Touzi, R., 2006. Target scattering decomposition in terms of roll-invariant target parameters. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 45(1), 73-84.

[4] Muhuri, A., Goïta, K., Magagi, R., et al., 2023. Geodesic distance based scattering power decomposition for compact polarimetric SAR data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 61, 1-12.

[5] Liu, S., Gao, L., Lei, Y., et al., 2020. SAR speckle removal using hybrid frequency modulations. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 59(5), 3956-3966.

[6] Gong, M., Zhou, Z., Ma, J., 2011. Change detection in synthetic aperture radar images based on image fusion and fuzzy clustering. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 21(4), 2141-2151.

[7] Celik, T., 2009. Unsupervised change detection in satellite images using principal component analysis and $ k $-means clustering. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 6(4), 772-776.

[8] Gao, F., Wang, X., Gao, Y., et al., 2019. Sea ice change detection in SAR images based on convolutional-wavelet neural networks. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 16(8), 1240-1244.

[9] Qu, X., Gao, F., Dong, J., et al., 2021. Change detection in synthetic aperture radar images using a dual-domain network. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 19, 1-5.

[10] Shang, R., Xie, K., Okoth, M.A., et al. (editors), 2019. SAR image change detection based on mean shift pre-classification and fuzzy C-means. IGARSS 2019-2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium; 2019 Jul 28-Aug 2; Yokohama, Japan. New York: IEEE. p. 2358-2361.

[11] Ghosh, A., Mishra, N.S., Ghosh, S., 2011. Fuzzy clustering algorithms for unsupervised change detection in remote sensing images. Information Sciences. 181(4), 699-715.

[12] Zheng, Y., Zhang, X., Hou, B., et al., 2013. Using combined difference image and $ k $-means clustering for SAR image change detection. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters. 11(3), 691-695.

[13] Tan, S., Zhang, X., Wang, H., et al., 2021. A CNN-based self-supervised synthetic aperture radar image denoising approach. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 60, 1-15.

[14] Zhang, K., Zuo, W., Zhang, L., 2018. FFDNet: Toward a fast and flexible solution for CNN-based image denoising. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 27(9), 4608-4622.

[15] Hao, F., Tang, C., Xu, M., et al., 2019. Batch denoising of ESPI fringe patterns based on convolutional neural network. Applied Optics. 58(13), 3338-3346.

[16] Guo, S., Yan, Z., Zhang, K., et al. (editors), 2019. Toward convolutional blind denoising of real photographs. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; 2019 Jun 15-20; Long Beach, CA, USA. New York: IEEE. p. 1712-1722.

[17] Meester, M.J., Baslamisli, A.S., 2022. SAR image edge detection: Review and benchmark experiments. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 43(14), 5372-5438.

[18] De Borba, A.A., Muhuri, A., Marengoni, M., et al., 2023. Feature Selection for edge detection in PolSAR images. Remote Sensing. 15(9), 2479.

[19] Mildenhall, B., Barron, J.T., Chen, J., et al. (editors), 2018. Burst denoising with kernel prediction networks. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; 2018 Jun 18-23; Salt Lake City, UT, USA. New York: IEEE. p. 2502-2510.

[20] Chierchia, G., Cozzolino, D., Poggi, G., et al. (editors), 2017. SAR image despeckling through convolutional neural networks. 2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS); 2017 Jul 23-28; Fort Worth, Texas. New York: IEEE. p. 5438-5441.

[21] Bazi, Y., Bruzzone, L., Melgani, F., 2005. An unsupervised approach based on the generalized Gaussian model to automatic change detection in multitemporal SAR images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 43(4), 874-887.

[22] Rezaei, H., Karami, A. (editors), 2017. SAR image denoising using homomorphic and shearlet transforms. 2017 3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis (IPRIA); 2017 Apr 19-20; Shahrekord, Iran. New York: IEEE. p. 80-83.

[23] Patra, S., Ghosh, S., Ghosh, A., 2011. Histogram thresholding for unsupervised change detection of remote sensing images. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 32(21), 6071-6089.

[24] Mishra, N.S., Ghosh, S., Ghosh, A., 2012. Fuzzy clustering algorithms incorporating local information for change detection in remotely sensed images. Applied Soft Computing. 12(8), 2683-2692.

[25] Yetgin, Z., 2011. Unsupervised change detection of satellite images using local gradual descent. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 50(5), 1919-1929.

[26] Ghosh, S., Mishra, N.S., Ghosh, A. (editors), 2009. Unsupervised change detection of remotely sensed images using fuzzy clustering. 2009 Seventh International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition; 2009 Feb 4-6; Kolkata, India. New York: IEEE. p. 385-388.

[27] Gosain, A., Dahiya, S., 2016. Performance analysis of various fuzzy clustering algorithms: A review. Procedia Computer Science. 79, 100-111.

[28] Pal, N.R., Bezdek, J.C., 1995. On cluster validity for the fuzzy c-means model. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems. 3(3), 370-379.

[29] Wang, Z., Bovik, A.C., Sheikh, H.R., et al., 2004. Image quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 13(4), 600-612.

[30] Rosin, P.L., Ioannidis, E., 2003. Evaluation of global image thresholding for change detection. Pattern Recognition Letters. 24(14), 2345-2356.

[31] Bovolo, F., Bruzzone, L., 2005. A detail-preserving scale-driven approach to change detection in multitemporal SAR images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 43(12), 2963-2972.

[32] Inglada, J., Mercier, G., 2007. A new statistical similarity measure for change detection in multitemporal SAR images and its extension to multiscale change analysis. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 45(5), 1432-1445.

[33] Shugar, D.H., Jacquemart, M., Shean, D., et al., 2021. A massive rock and ice avalanche caused the 2021 disaster at Chamoli, Indian Himalaya. Science. 373(6552), 300-306.

Downloads

How to Cite

Wu, Y., Xu, Q., Zhang, Z., Ma, J., Zhao, T., & Zhu, X. (2023). SAR Change Detection Algorithm Combined with FFDNet Spatial Denoising. Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences, 5(2), 88–101. https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v5i2.5980

Issue

Article Type

Article