Building Sustainable Indicators for Mangrove Forests Based on a Survey to Determine Forest Erosion in the Southwestern Sea of Vietnam

Authors

  • Mo Danh

    Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Kien Giang University Vietnam, Minh Luong 920000, Vietnam
  • Luom Thanh Thai

    Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Kien Giang University Vietnam, Minh Luong 920000, Vietnam
  • Ngoc Thi Hong Dang

    Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Kien Giang University Vietnam, Minh Luong 920000, Vietnam
  • Bao Manh Ngoc Nguyen

    Institute of Applied Sustainable and Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v7i8.10762
Received: 27 June 2025; Revised: 23 July 2025; Accepted: 29 July 2025; Published Online: 14 August 2025

Abstract

The increased erosion of mangrove forests has alarmed the government about the damage to both the economy and livelihoods. To evaluated forest and land erosion the coast. Based on survey data is divided into five levels (F1: no erosion; F2: little erosion; F3: moderate erosion; F4: high erosion; F5: strong erosion), and ecological conditions, the coast is divided into sub-regions for investigation. From the surveyed indicators at each erosion level, forest structure is analyzed for comparison. The erosion level is defined as an erosion function (Er) from 1 to 5 (+), where (1) parameters include the number of trees per hectare (Ntr/ha), height to top (Ht), trunk diameter at 1.3 m (D1.3), tree canopy diameter (Dc), and width of the forest range (Wf); (2) land erosion is a function (Erl = Erlte + Erlsa + Erlsi + Erlcl), with parameters including erosion by terrain (Erlte), sand (Erlsa), silt (Erlsi), and clay (Erlcl); and (3) climate change leading to erosion is an inverse function (Cl) from 1 to 5 (–), with parameters including erosion by rainfall (Clra), wind (Clwi), waves (Clwa), and tide (Clti). The resulting function output is Er = (Erf + Erl)–Cl. On eroded forest land, species were tested under climate change conditions and their growth in the next rainy season to assess survival rates affected by rainfall, waves, wind, and tides. These results help to plan planting mangrove forest anti-erosion models and construct a theoretical function of mangrove erosion and proposes restore forests using pioneer species.

Keywords:

Mangroves Forest; Forest Erosion; Coastal Erosion; West Sea; Vietnam

References

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How to Cite

Mo Danh, Thai, L. T., Thi Hong Dang , N., & Manh Ngoc Nguyen, B. (2025). Building Sustainable Indicators for Mangrove Forests Based on a Survey to Determine Forest Erosion in the Southwestern Sea of Vietnam. Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences, 7(8), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v7i8.10762

Issue

Vol. 7 , Iss. 8 (August 2025): In Progress

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Article

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Copyright © 2025 Mo Danh, Luom Thanh Thai, Ngoc Thi Hong Dang , Bao Manh Ngoc Nguyen

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This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.

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