Contribution of Landsat 9 OLI-2/TIRS-2 Imagery to the Mapping of Dolerites in Aboutelfan (Central Chad Massif): Structural Implications

Authors

  • Mahamat Ali Ateib

    Department of Geological Engineering, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo P.O. Box 4377, Chad
  • Mamadou Malloum Ahmat

    Department of Geological Engineering, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo P.O. Box 4377, Chad
  • Ali Malloum Bada

    Department of Geological Engineering, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo P.O. Box 4377, Chad
  • Mackaye Hassane Taisso

    Department of Paleontology, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, University of N’Djamena, N’Djamena P.O. Box 1117, Chad
  • Oumarou Faarouk Nkouandou

    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré P.O. Box 454, Cameroon
  • Amine Karifene

    Department of Geological Engineering, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo P.O. Box 4377, Chad
  • Adoumadji Assingar

    Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Doba, Doba P.O. Box 03, Chad
  • Lagmet Amane Claudial

    Department of Geological Engineering, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo P.O. Box 4377, Chad
  • Harou Abdelaziz

    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré P.O. Box 454, Cameroon
  • Aminatou Mefire Fagny

    Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré P.O. Box 454, Cameroon
  • Gambo Ranaou Noura

    Department of Geology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abdou Moumouni, Niamey P.O. Box 10662, Niger
  • Goni Kouri Affono

    Department of Geological Engineering, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo P.O. Box 4377, Chad
  • Abdoulaye Haroun

    Department of Paleontology, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, University of N’Djamena, N’Djamena P.O. Box 1117, Chad
  • Fabien Kenmogne

    Department of Civil Engineering, Advanced Teachers Training College of the Technical Education, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 1872, Cameroon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v8i8.13480
Received: 8 May 2026 | Revised: 21 June 2026 | Accepted: 30 June 2026 | Published Online: 12 August 2026

Abstract

This study focuses on the structural and lithological characterization of dolerite dykes in the Aboutelfan Massif, central Chad, using an integrated remote sensing and field-based approach. Landsat 9 OLI-2/TIRS-2 multispectral imagery was processed through radiometric calibration, spectral band combinations, and principal component analysis to discriminate doleritic bodies from surrounding lithologies. Field observations and petrographic analyses provided ground verification and detailed mineralogical descriptions. The dolerite dykes, generally post-tectonic, intrude the granitic basement with sharp contacts and exhibit variable thicknesses ranging from 3 to 25 m. Rose diagrams reveal dominant structural orientations along N 30° E, N 65° E, N 135°E, and N 153° E, reflecting the regional Pan-African tectonic control on dyke emplacement. The integration of satellite imagery and structural data led to the production of a high-resolution lithological and structural map of the Aboutelfan region. The results highlight the efficiency of Landsat 9 OLI-2/TIRS-2 imagery for identifying mafic intrusions and deciphering tectonic patterns in arid environments. This work provides new insights into the structural evolution of central Chad and establishes a methodological framework for future studies combining hyperspectral imagery and geochemical analyses to better constrain the petrogenesis and geochronology of doleritic intrusions.

Keywords:

Dolerite Dykes; Remote Sensing; Structural Analysis; Landsat 9; Pan-African Tectonics

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How to Cite

Ateib, M. A., Ahmat , M. M., Bada, A. M., Taisso, M. H., Nkouandou , O. F., Karifene, A., Assingar, A., Claudial, L. A., Abdelaziz, H., Fagny, A. M., Noura, G. R., Affono, G. K., Haroun, A., & Kenmogne, F. (2026). Contribution of Landsat 9 OLI-2/TIRS-2 Imagery to the Mapping of Dolerites in Aboutelfan (Central Chad Massif): Structural Implications. Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences, 8(8), 272–286. https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v8i8.13480

Issue

Vol. 8 , Iss. 8 (August 2026): In Progress

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Article

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Copyright © 2026 Mahamat Ali Ateib, Mamadou Malloum Ahmat , Ali Malloum Bada, Mackaye Hassane Taisso, Oumarou Faarouk Nkouandou , Amine Karifene, Adoumadji Assingar, Lagmet Amane Claudial, Harou Abdelaziz, Aminatou Mefire Fagny, Gambo Ranaou Noura, Goni Kouri Affono, Abdoulaye Haroun, Fabien Kenmogne

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This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.

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