Geology and Geochemistry of Iroko-Granites Southwestern Nigeria: Implication on Provenance

Authors

  • Olusola A. OlaOlorun Department of Geology, Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
  • Segun Akinyemi Department of Geology, Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
  • Ayomide J. Oluwaleye School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, S.A.
  • Joseph Agbemuko Department of Geology, Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v2i3.2246

Abstract

The geology, geochemistry of Iroko-granites have been studied and reported in this paper. The study area has been described as of Archaean-EarlyProterozoic terrain underlain by migmatite-gneiss-quartzite complex with supracustal rocks. Large number of granites which outcrops in Iroko-Ekiti represent a typical occurrence of granitoids sporadically distributed in thebasement and are known to belong to the Older Granite suites, which are attributable to the Pan-African Orogeny (750± 150Ma). The rocks occur,mostly as flat and low lying within sparse vegetation. Structures common on and around the outcrops include quartz vein, veinlets, pegmatite dykes which trend North-south, discrete exfoliated surfaces and xenoliths of older rocks. This study reveals that the granites belong to calc-alkalic suites,demonstrate metaluminous nature, and exhibit characteristics of I-type granites. The granite is a distinctive type in that it is relatively highly potassic, has high FeO/(FeO + MgO) ratio, and high average Zr (299.75ppm)concentration with other high field strength elements. The trace elements study implicates pronounced fractional crystallization during evolution of the granites and thus petrogenetically discriminates as Syn-collision provenance.

Keywords:

Iroko-granites; granitoids; metaluminous; fractional crystallization; Syn-collision

References

[1] OlaOlorun, Oyinloye. Geology and geotechnical appraisal of some clay deposits around Ijero-Ekiti south western Nigeria: Implication for industrial uses. Pakistan journal of scientific and industrial research, Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 2010, 53(3): 127-135.

[2] Okunlola, O. A, Akinola, O. O. Petrochemical characteristics of the Precambrian rare metal pegmatite of Oke-Asa area, South-western Nigeria:implication for Ta-Nb mineralization.RMZ-Material and Geoenvironment, 2010, 57(4): 525-538.

[3] Oyinloye, A.O. Physical and chemical characteristics of the residual clay deposits in Ijero-Ekiti area of Ekiti: Implication for industrial application. The Journal of Techno-Science, 1997, 1: 40-45.

[4] Rahaman, M.A. Recent advances in the study of the basement complex of Nigeria. In: Precambrian Geology of Nigeria, P.O. Oluyide, W.C. Mbonu, A.E. Ogezi,T.G. Egbuniwe, A.C. Ajibade and A.C. Umeji (eds.), Geological Survey of Nigeria, Esho Pub., Kaduna, Nigeria, 1988: 11-41.

[5] Turner, D.G. Upper proterozoic schist belts in Nigeria sector of the Pan-African province of west Africa. Precambrian Research, 1983, 21: 55-79.

[6] Matheis, G. The application of geochemical mapping in the tropical environment. In: Natural Resources and Development, Institute for Scientific Co-operation, Tubingen, Federal Republic of Germany, 1978, 8: 34-52.

[7] McCurry. The geology of the precambrian to lower paleozoic rocks of northern Nigeria, a review. In: Geology of Nigeria, C.A. Kogbe (ed.), Elizabethan Publishing Company, Lagos, Nigeria, 1976: 67-99.

[8] Grant, N.K. Geochronology of precambrian basement rocks from Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1970, 10: 29-38.

[9] Okunlola, A.O., Akinola, O.O., Olorunfemi, A.O. Petrochemical Characteristics and Industrial Features of Talcose Rock on Ijero Area, Southwestern Nigeria. Ife Journal of Science, 2011, 13(2): 317- 326.

[10] Oyinloye, A.O., Adebayo, O.F. Petrophysical and chemical properties of calc-gneiss and clay deposit in Ijero-Ekiti area as industrial raw materials.Global Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2005, 6: 30-34.

[11] Oyinloye, A. O. Physical and chemical characteristics of the residual clay deposits in Ijero-Ekiti area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Implications for industrial application. Jour. Techno-Science, 1997, 1(1): 40-45.

[12] Oyinloye, A.O. Geology and Geotectonic Setting of the Basement Complex Rocks in Southwestern Nigeria: Implications on Provenance and Evolution. Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2011: 98-117. ISBN: 978-953-307-468-9

[13] Oversby, V.M. Lead isotopic study of aplites from the precambrian basement rocks near Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1975, 27: 177-180.

[14] Grant. N.K., Rex, D.C., Freeth, S.J. Potassium-argon ages and strontium isotope ratio measurements from volcanic rocks in northeastern Nigeria. Contribution to Mineral and Petrology, 1972, 35: 277-292.

[15] Cox , K. G. , Bell , J. D., Pankhurst , R. J. The interpretation of igneous rocks. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1979.

[16] Miyashiro, A. Volcanic rock series in island arcs and active continental margins. Am. J. Sci., 1974, 274: 321-355.

[17] O’Connor J.T. A classification for quartz-rich igneous rocks based on feldspar ratios. Virginia: US Geological Survey Professional Paper B525, USGS, 1965: 79-84.

[18] Irvine, T.N., Baragar, W.R.A. A guide to the classification of common volcanic rocks. Can. J. Earth Sci. 8, 1971: 523-548.

[19] Frost B. R., C. G. Barnes, W. J. Collins, R. J. Arculus, D.J. Ellis, C. D. Frost. A geochemical classification for granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology. Academic Research Library, 2001, 42(11): 2033.

[20] Sun, S. S., McDonough, W. F. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders, A. D. & Norry, M. J. (eds) Magmatism in the Ocean Basins. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1989, 42: 313-345.

[21] Pearce J. A., Harris N. B. W., Tindle A. G. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. J. Petrol., 1984, 25: 956-983.

[22] Batchelor R. A., Peter Bowden, Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rock using multicationic parameters, Chemical Geology, 1985, 48(1-4): 43-55 https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90034-8

[23] Elueze, A. A. Rift System for Proterozoic Schist belts in Nigeria, Tectonophysics, 1992, 209(1-4): 167-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90019-3

Downloads

How to Cite

OlaOlorun, O. A., Akinyemi, S., Oluwaleye, A. J., & Agbemuko, J. (2020). Geology and Geochemistry of Iroko-Granites Southwestern Nigeria: Implication on Provenance. Journal of Geological Research, 2(3), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v2i3.2246

Issue

Vol. 2 , Iss. 3 (July 2020)

Article Type

Articles

License

Copyright © 2020 Olusola A. OlaOlorun, Segun Akinyemi, Ayomide J. Oluwaleye, Joseph Agbemuko

Creative Commons License

This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.

Copyright and Licensing

The authors shall retain the copyright of their work but allow the Publisher to publish, copy, distribute, and convey the work.

Journal of Geological Research publishes accepted manuscripts under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Authors who submit their papers for publication by Journal of Geological Research agree to have the CC BY-NC 4.0 license applied to their work, and that anyone is allowed to reuse the article or part of it free of charge for non-commercial use. As long as you follow the license terms and original source is properly cited, anyone may copy, redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform, and build upon the material.

License Policy for Reuse of Third-Party Materials

If a manuscript submitted to the journal contains the materials which are held in copyright by a third-party, authors are responsible for obtaining permissions from the copyright holder to reuse or republish any previously published figures, illustrations, charts, tables, photographs, and text excerpts, etc. When submitting a manuscript, official written proof of permission must be provided and clearly stated in the cover letter.
The editorial office of the journal has the right to reject/retract articles that reuse third-party materials without permission.

Journal Policies on Data Sharing

We encourage authors to share articles published in our journal to other data platforms, but only if it is noted that it has been published in this journal.