A. Terry Bahill
Systems and Industrial Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85704, USA
This paper traces the sixteenth-century addition and removal on maps of a bulge on the southern coast of Chile. Abraham Ortelius was primarily responsible for these changes and many cartographers followed his lead.Then, Ortelius rotated the coastline of Chile from northwest to north. Later, he dropped the latitude of the islands of San Pablo and Isla de los Tiburones down six degrees. He named the Amazon River “Río de las amazons.” Finally, he removed the cities with fake Native-American-sounding names along the Pacific coast of North America. The research underlying this paper examined over seven-hundred sixteenth-century maps made by sixdozen cartographers. This paper cites five-dozen maps by four-dozen cartographers. In the traceability section of this paper, this information was condensed into a traceability diagram, which shows the chronological flow of information among a score of cartographers. Using this information, this paper traced the influence of one cartographer on another: it showed who influenced whom. It showed the spread of knowledge. Ortelius was at the center of most of this knowledge explosion.
[1] Becharius, F., 1403. Francischus becharius cuius lanue [con]posuit, Genoa, Yale University, Beinecke Library. This is a Portolan chart.
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[4] Albo, F., 1874. Logbook of Francisco Albo, in Antonio Pigafetta, The First Voyage Round the World,translated by Lord Stanley of Alderley, London, https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_First_Voyage_Round_the_World/Logbook_of_Francisco_Alvo_or_Alvaro
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[6] Bahill, A.T., Gitzen, G.D., 2021. The Amazon River Modeled as a Giant Snake, KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information. 71(3), 173-194.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42489-021-00082-3.
[7] Hébert, J.R., 2021. The 1562 Map of America by Diego Gutiérrez, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/frontiers/gutierrz.html
[8] Van den Broecke, M., Van den Broecke-Günzburger,D., 2021. Cartographica Neerlandica.http://www.orteliusmaps.com/index.html This is presumably the biggest collection of Ortelius maps.
[9] Shirley, R.W., 1983. The Mapping of the World:early printed world maps 1472-1700, London, Holland Press. This is the ‘bible’ of sixteenth and seventeenth-century nautical world maps. pp. 145.
[10] Wallis, H.M., 1951. The first English globe: A recent discovery, The Geographical Journal. South America is two pages after page 282. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1791852.117,275-290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1791852.
[11] Drake, F., 1628. The World Encompassed by Sir Francis Drake.https://archive.org/details/worldencompassed16drak/page/n14.pp.46.
[12] Christy, M., 1900. The silver map of the world a contemporary medallion commemorative of Drake's great voyage (1577-80) a geographical essay... H.Stevens, son, & Stiles in London.
[13] Gitzen, G.D., 2014. Edward Wright’s World Chart of 1599, Terrae Incognitae; The Journal of the Society for the History of Discoveries. 46(1), 3-15.
[14] Bahill, A.T., Madni, A.M., 2017. Discovering Systems Requirements, Chapter 4 in Tradeoff Decisions in System Design, Switzerland, Springer International Publishing.
[15] Bahill, A.T., 2021. The Second Engraver of the Library of Congress Mystery Map, International Journal of Cartography.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2021.1988042
Copyright © 2022 A. Terry Bahill
This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.
