Abstract: The article identifies changes in the development of the synonym system, the criteria that make up the synonym series. Since synonyms are the main factor in the development of vocabulary and the richness of language, they should be studied in close connection with human thinking, association and stereotyping. Therefore, methods of cognitive research of synonyms have been proposed. Absolute synonyms are conditional, because meaning is constantly... More

Abstract: Academic writing presents significant challenges for beginner learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), where learners tend to make mistakes in grammar, coherence, and structure. Feedback is essential for the development of writing, yet in traditional instructional models it is not always provided with the quality or frequency required. This study explores the effectiveness of ChatGPT-generated feedback in enhancing academic writing... More

Abstract: This study explores the development of the Gothic novel in English literature from a stylistic and cognitive-linguistic perspective. It examines the structure of Gothic narrative discourse and its expressive strategies, highlighting the pivotal role of cognitive metaphor in shaping themes of horror, mystery, and existential anxiety. Drawing on the philosophy of language, the study reveals how Gothic language encodes and reproduces cultural and... More

Abstract: This article examines the issues related to prosodic and orthoepic norms in Kazakh speech synthesis. To ensure that the synthesizer delivers speech that is both realistic and intelligible, the text must be systematized according to orthoepic standards, with changes in phonemes, vowel reductions, and various sound phenomena described on the basis of linguistic data. The article also outlines the relevance of speech synthesis and the methods... More

Abstract: This study examines the engagement practices of Indonesian high school students in digitally mediated EFL classrooms. Drawing on an ethnographic research design, the study examines how digital literacy-based instruction influences student engagement across behavioural, emotional, and cognitive domains. Conducted over one semester at a high school in Ternate, Indonesia, the research involved ten students and five EFL teachers, who were selected... More

Abstract: Multicultural and migrant-receiving societies rely on the English language to integrate their populations. As the world's dominant language, English is essential for gaining access to employment, public services, and supporting community life—all crucial for successful integration. This review analyzed 32 published studies and policy reports from 2003 to 2025 to assess how English proficiency affects social inclusion for immigrants, refugees,... More

Abstract: This case study examines the connection between emotional intelligence (EI) and pre-service teachers' beliefs about English language learning within an Ecuadorian context. 317 participants enrolled in an undergraduate English teacher training program completed two validated instruments: The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire—Short Form (TEIQue-SF) and the Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI). Descriptive statistics, Pearson... More

Abstract: Syntactic avoidance is a recurring yet underexplored phenomenon in third language (L3) acquisition. This study investigates how learners of Indonesian as an additional language simplify or circumvent complex structures in order to sustain communication. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, oral tasks, and written samples from eight multilingual participants representing six different first language (L1) backgrounds. Thematic... More

Abstract: Indirectness is a valuable communication skill commonly employed to accomplish specific objectives. Motivations for indirect use of language can be politeness, self-defense, or criticism of the other in conversation. Humor has been a subject of extensive study across various disciplines, including linguistics, literature, and philosophy. This interdisciplinary interest stems from both a desire to understand human behavior and an effort to... More

Abstract: This study examines the press conference briefings delivered by Jordan's former Minister of Health, Saad Jaber, during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Unlike much existing scholarship that frames pandemic communication primarily through the lens of crisis or fear discourse, this article situates Jaber's briefings within a hybrid continuum between urgency and solidarity. The aim is to explore how his discourse fostered credibility, encouraged... More

Abstract: This study explores the use of positive politeness strategies in requests made by Jordanian and Omani students within an academic context. By examining the positive politeness strategies employed in their interactions, the research aims to identify the preferred strategies utilized by these students when communicating with their classmates. Data is collected through memos and semi-structured interviews from a sample of Jordanian and Omani... More

Abstract: The article has been retracted titled “Corpus-based Uncertainty Analysis of Multilingual Media under Language Policy”. The article has been retracted by agreement between the Authors, the Journal Editor-in-Chief, and the Publisher. Retraction Date: 5 December 2025 More

Abstract: This study presents cross-sectional data on the cues learners use to identify subject/object grammatical functions in Arabic as a second language. The roles of agreement, case, and plausibility were investigated, with predictions drawn from three theoretical models: the first noun principle, the unmarked alignment hypothesis, and the shallow structure hypothesis. Twenty-two learners from diverse first-language backgrounds participated in a... More

Abstract: The implementation of drama-based pedagogy has emerged as a transformative approach in the field of English Language Teaching (ELT), effectively enhancing students' engagement and proficiency in several language skills, including speaking, listening, and communication. This study employs a bibliometric analysis of 118 open access articles published between 2014 and 2024, derived from the Dimension database. The data were processed using... More

Abstract: This study examines how interactive digital educational games influence English vocabulary acquisition among primary school learners. With technology becoming central to modern classrooms, it is important to evaluate whether gamified tools genuinely enhance engagement, motivation, and retention, especially in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) settings. To address this, a quasi-experimental design was applied with two Grade 4 classes of similar... More

Abstract: Understanding the meaning of the processes is essential for comprehending clause meaning from experiential perspective, however, the studies examining the identification of transitivity processes in the performance of EFL learners are scarce. This study examines the performance of 28 Arab Open University (AOU) English as a Foreign Language Learners (EFL) enrolled in the course E304A: Exploring English Grammar I in Jeddah branch. Drawing on... More

Abstract: Arab students who learn English as a foreign language, especially Saudi students, face several challenges during the process of mastering writing skills. This research addresses the problem of persistent lexical errors in students' academic writing, which stem from semantic transfer between Arabic and English. The main purpose of this study is to identify and categorize the most common lexical errors caused by semantic transfer from Arabic to... More

Abstract: This research examines the quantificational distributional behavior of the Greek preposition apo " from". We aim to examine the function of apo in specific sentence constructions in which it occurs as the object, combined with a numeral and a noun in the accusative case. These structures contain a noun phrase as their subject or the quantifier followed by a noun. Our hypothesis is that apo resembles Serbian po, as it also places itself in the... More

Abstract: In today's technology-driven era, language education has increasingly integrated online learning as an essential component, utilizing either synchronous or asynchronous modalities. This study examined the effectiveness of asynchronous digital instruction in enhancing students' language proficiency (listening and speaking proficiency), in addition to exploring their perceptions of this instructional approach. Through employing a mixed-methods... More

Abstract: With the rapid development of science and technology, online learning software has become an important tool for English learning as it provides a large number of learning resources together with interactive functions. But how to help students effectively build a systematic English knowledge framework is still a key issue to be solved. Another major obstacle is making sure that students can translate this disjointed knowledge into effective... More

Abstract: In the digital era, personalized learning has gained significant attention in the realm of English vocabulary acquisition. While numerous mobile applications claim to enhance vocabulary memory, empirical evidence regarding their actual effectiveness and user experiences remains limited. This study aims to systematically evaluate the Baicizhan app in improving English vocabulary retention, meeting the diverse needs of learners, and supporting... More

Abstract: This paper examines the evolving dynamics of sociolinguistics in the 21st century, focusing on how language reflects and shapes social realities in diverse societies, with a comparative lens on India and Azerbaijan. Both nations present postcolonial, multilingual, and digitally transforming complex linguistic ecosystems where power, identity, and tradition are encoded in language practices. By integrating traditional sociolinguistic theory with... More

Abstract: Indigenous isiZulu music represents a vibrant oral tradition through which the linguistic, cultural, and spiritual heritage of Zulu-speaking communities is preserved and transmitted. Yet, in the context of contemporary South Africa, its role is undergoing significant transformation due to rapid urbanisation, globalisation, and the continued marginalisation of indigenous knowledge within formal education systems. This study undertakes a... More

Abstract: This study investigates the perceptions and challenges experienced by Saudi English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners when using AI-powered chatbots to enhance their writing macro skills. A three-part questionnaire was administered to 206 EFL students at Qassim University to explore their views on the usefulness, motivational impact, and difficulties associated with these tools. The findings indicate that students perceive AI chatbots as... More

Abstract: This study examines the vocabulary size and academic vocabulary depth knowledge among Thai pre-service English teachers, aiming to elucidate the relationship between these dimensions, which are essential for effective teaching. A total of 288 participants, aged 18 to 22, from three universities in northeastern Thailand, were assessed using two primary instruments: the Vocabulary Size Test (VST) and the Academic Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (AVKS).... More

Abstract: By employing an archaeological and genealogical approach, this study seeks to unearth the structure of hermeneutic discourse, exploring the unsaid within the systems that form concepts as unique entities. From this perspective, the role of hermeneutics, is greater than merely exploring the depths of texts to decipher their hidden meanings; it is a search within the zones of silence and absence where the correspondence between apparent and hidden... More

Abstract: The following study examines how university teacher educators in Brazil and Chile perceive the integration of interculturality in the teaching and learning of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and English as an International Language (EIL). While both countries included English in the curricula as a foreign language, they have recently rethought the status of English in the education system—Brazil officializing it as ELF and Chile proposing it as... More

Abstract: Xitsonga literature is rich with many sensitive literary themes that highlight the Vatsonga experience about life and their understanding of social dimensions. Among these themes is corruption within the house of the Lord. This article examines the theme of corruption in Xitsonga literature through a literary analysis of the character of Pastor Pfumela from the drama Byi n' wi khele matluka by M. Malungana. Using a qualitative research approach,... More

Abstract: As the process of globalization continues to deepen, multilingualism has increasingly permeated various aspects of Chinese society, with local food packaging emerging as a particularly prominent site of linguistic display. The multilingual linguistic landscape on food packaging serves both informational and symbolic functions. However, in practice, its presentation often reveals discrepancies with current language policy in China. This study... More

Abstract: This research investigates the adaptation of negative politeness strategies in the requests of Jordanian and Omani students in digital communication. The study employs Brown and Levinson's politeness theory to examine how students from these two cultures use politeness strategies (indirectness, asking questions, apologizing, and minimizing imposition) in writing emails, text messages, and social media interactions. Data were collected from 60... More

Abstract: The article has been retracted titled “AI is Ineludible in Alleviating English Language Learning at Government Secondary Schools: An Action Research”. The article has been retracted by agreement between the Authors, the Journal Editor-in-Chief, and the Publisher. Retraction Date: 5 December 2025 More

Abstract: This paper reports on a study that is part of the HABLARLES project, within the broader ÁGORA research initiative, conducted in collaboration with school teachers in Alcañiz (Spain). The aim was to systematize and enhance an established training program that supports teachers in developing their students' communicative language competence through a text-based pedagogy. The methodology began with a comprehensive needs analysis, administering a... More

Abstract: Aging affects discourse cohesion, leading to challenges such as repetition, vagueness, and word-finding difficulties. While research has focused on Western populations, there is a lack of studies on Tamil-speaking elderly, emphasizing the need for exploration in this demographic. The study aimed to investigate age-related differences in conversational discourse cohesion among neurotypical Tamil-speaking individuals. This study included 80... More

Abstract: Communicative competence (CC) has proved to be the most pressing yet elusive objective in EFL/ESL learning. Learners often do not develop good speaking skills, with which they are dissatisfied, mainly due to inadequate opportunities for practice, high anxiety, and various institutional constraints. This study uses a qualitative design through document analysis and a systematic literature review of 35 peer-reviewed sources from different contexts... More

Abstract: The aim of this study is to compare the discourse structures of death notices written in various cultural contexts, using interpersonal metadiscourse model as a theoretical framework. The distribution of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers in death notices published in English and Turkish newspapers was examined to determine how these markers contribute to discourse organization. To achieve this goal, the document analysis... More

Abstract: Leadership in English language teaching and learning is often discussed but seldom synthesized as a distinct focus; the evidence remains fragmented and indirect. This systematic review integrates empirical studies published from 2014 to 2024, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Searches in Web of Science and Scopus, screening, and independent expert checks yielded 26 studies for thematic... More

Abstract: This research investigates the teaching strategies employed by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) lecturers, using Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS) as a case study. The qualitative case study examines how EFL lecturers manage multilingual classroom realities. These classrooms include native speakers of Javanese, Bahasa Indonesia, and various international first languages. Data were gathered through six classroom observations, three... More

Abstract: The contribution deals with studying the functional and cognitive aspects gaps connected with the content and formal constituent parts of the verbal semantic aspectual category, phasal meanings, and means that form inchoative semantics in English and Kyrgyz languages. The aspectual space in language, represented by a universal conceptual aspectual category and corresponding semantic categories in certain languages, is a controversial and... More

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted an abrupt shift to distance education in Kuwait, raising urgent concerns about the continuity and quality of Arabic language instruction—especially for younger learners. This study aims to: (1) identify the key challenges parents encountered while supporting Arabic learning for fifth-grade students, (2) assess the extent of parental involvement in online learning, and (3) evaluate parental satisfaction with this... More

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present empirical material reflecting the processes of formation and reproduction of linguistic identity based on the Russian language and Russian culture among the Russian population of the Latvian lands that were part of the Russian Empire. The historical period chosen for scientific analysis in this article — the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries — is extremely important for the processes of... More

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of Word Wall activities on enhancing the writing skills of undergraduate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students at Northern Border University. Acknowledging the challenges EFL learners encounter in developing academic and expressive writing, the research explores how visually engaging and interactive vocabulary strategies can facilitate written language acquisition. Utilizing a mixed-methods research... More

Abstract: The objectives of this research were: (1) to examine the word formation of Pali–Sanskrit (PL-SKT) loanwords in King Ramkhamhaeng's Inscription No.1; (2) to investigate the semantic changes of these loanwords; and (3) to explore their values across different dimensions in King Ramkhamhaeng's Inscription No.1. The study focused on a population of 89 PL-SKT loanwords identified in King Ramkhamhaeng’s Inscription No.1, which were systematically... More

Abstract: This study investigates university students' perceptions of the KPT-PACE instructional materials for developing their communication skills. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 112 students across different academic disciplines who had experienced the KPT-PACE program. The research specifically examined the materials' effectiveness in three key communication domains: speaking, listening, and vocabulary. Descriptive and... More

Abstract: Although English is truly the global lingua franca today, machine translation (MT) of paralinguistic elements like humour and empathy is not totally seamless in the English­Arabic language pair. This study examined the effectiveness of ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence (AI) model, in translating these elements, and how Saudi translation students who use AI tools for translation perceive its performance. The study applied a... More

Abstract: The article has been retracted titled “Harnessing AI Tools to Enhance English Writing Skills in Undergraduate Education”. The article has been retracted by agreement between the Authors, the Journal Editor-in-Chief, and the Publisher. Retraction Date: 5 December 2025 More

Abstract: In a technological society, the adaptability of students and the need for interaction demand collaborative work, self-esteem, time management, and problem-solving skills. Considering the above, the inclusion of digital skills is essential because students often face difficulties in virtual modalities and sometimes fail to reach the expected conceptual-linguistic performance. This study aims to identify the impact of soft skills on learning... More

Abstract: Students need to be able to read critically, interpret deeply, and interact with literature at higher cognitive levels in today's technologically sophisticated and information-rich world. Barrett's Taxonomy serves as the analytical framework for this study, which examines the critical reading skills of philology students at the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanisation Engineers (TIIAME). Due to its philosophical and... More

Abstract: This study examines the effectiveness of interview-based project learning in developing critical listening skills among undergraduate EFL students at universities in Uzbekistan. Although such skills are crucial for academic achievement and communication, they are often neglected due to traditional approaches emphasizing repetition and bottom-up comprehension while overlooking higher-order analytical and reflective listening processes. To address... More

Abstract: This study investigates the exercise of impoliteness strategies in Islamophobic discourse in the play Disgraced. Impoliteness is a multifarious matter that is perhaps apparently, closely related to politeness. It is very much the parasite of politeness. Islamophobia refers to irrational fear, hostility, or prejudice directed against Islam and Muslims, representing a significant barrier to achieving a fair society. The purpose behind this study... More

Abstract: The nyale falo laor tradition (tradition of nyale laor) is a ceremony of catching sea worms (laor) that is traditionally preserved by the Tobelo ethnic community on Kakara Island, North Maluku. This research aims to analyze the sign system in the tradition Charles Sanders Peirce semiotic approach, which includes three main categories: icon, index, and symbol. The research method used is qualitative with an ethnolinguistic approach. Data... More

Abstract: Cultural images, as quintessential carriers of profound cultural meaning within Chinese literary works, present enduring and significant challenges in translation due to their deeply embedded connotations. The translation of cultural image has long constituted a persistent challenge within the realm of literary translation practice. In response, scholarly research has explored a spectrum of strategic and technical approaches to address this... More

Abstract: This study investigates Saudi English as a foreign Language (EFL) adult learners' perceptions of vocabulary learning through social media platforms (SMPs) and explores which platforms and strategies they use. A sequential explanatory design was adopted, with data collected via questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while interview data were examined through thematic analysis. The findings revealed a positive... More

Abstract: This study focuses on the analysis of invective means increasingly used in the language of contemporary newspapers and magazines within the media space. The transformations taking place in the language of mass media are closely linked to the broader changes in the world and culture under the influence of digital culture and globalization. These transformations primarily concern communicative processes in the media sphere, which have evolved from... More

Abstract: The paper systematically reviews the impact of blended learning (BL) on learner autonomy (LA), with particular emphasis on learners from diverse cultural and educational backgrounds. The study focuses on academic English and courses designed for international students enrolled in pre-university and transitional programmes, which serve as prerequisites for undergraduate or postgraduate studies in the United Kingdom. International students bring... More

Abstract: This study examines the study of the Japanese language in China. It employed a psycholinguistic approach, utilising the theoretical framework of PERMA. The study participants (N = 226) were all Japanese majors aged 18 to 22 years from three universities in Central China. The learners also completed a modified PERMA Profiler and a Negative Emotion subscale, which consider both positive and negative aspects of a person's state concerning... More

Abstract: Existing studies show that foreign language reading enjoyment plays a vital role in language learning. However, few studies have investigated its antecedents. With reference to control-value theory, this research addressed how mastery goals contribute to foreign language reading enjoyment, considering control and value appraisals as mediating variables among undergraduate EFL learners in China. 618 EFL undergraduate learners from three... More

Abstract: This study presents the ACOPLE (Competency Update for Foreign Language Teachers) micro-project, part of the broader AGORA initiative (Technological and methodological innovation for language teaching and generation of synergies in rural areas). Its main goal is to enhance the second-language communicative competence of rural foreign language teachers in Spain. The project responds to evidence of fossilization or attrition of teachers’... More

Abstract: Amidst escalating climate threats and the increasing frequency of natural disasters, media discourse has become a central arena for shaping public risk perception, mobilization strategies, and collective responses. Metaphor serves as a key cognitive and discursive instrument for meaning construction, framing interpretation, and embedding culturally resonant models of perception. The analysis of metaphorical framing provides insight into the... More

Abstract: This study examines the barriers to communication and social adaptation, especially in the work environment that requires the use of respectful language (keigo), experienced by Indonesian migrants in Japan. These barriers greatly affect the quality of life of migrants in Japan, which needs attention from the Indonesian government, along with the increasing demand for productive age workers from Indonesia due to the demographic impact of the... More

Abstract: Pedagogical translanguaging looks at language practices inside the classroom where more than two languages are present. On the other hand, social cohesion is based on a sense of belonging, where individuals share a common goal. In multilingual schools, social cohesion can only be achieved if measures are implemented to value learners’ linguistic repertoires through educators’ classroom instructional practices. Hence, this study was anchored in... More

Abstract: This article analyses the impact of educational policies in rural areas from the Second Republic to the beginning of democracy, focusing on teacher training and its influence on language teaching. During the Second Republic, teacher training prioritised language teaching and solid pedagogical training with supervised internships, which favoured literacy, especially in rural areas. However, under the first Franco regime (1939–1959), the teaching... More

Abstract: This study attempts to explore the theme of cultural fragmentation through pursuing its postmodern traits in Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day. It illuminates the authorial description of socio-cultural changes in British society at the prime of world postmodernism through the novel’s fictional discourse. The study’s objective is to explore the theme of cultural fragmentation as a tangible clue to postmodern transition in British society.... More

Abstract: This study investigates the use of speech acts in social media status updates by four renowned music judges—Simon Cowell, Howie Mandel, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie through the lens of Searle’s speech act theory. Status updates, a key feature of social media platforms such as Twitter, serve as tools for self-expression, interaction, and the dissemination of information, including events, promotions, and personal reflections. Adopting a... More

Abstract: Deep learning has become a central theme in contemporary educational reform, representing a critical indicator of learning quality. Peer feedback, as an interactive and learner-centered approach, has been shown to foster students' cognitive and meta-cognitive growth and holds significant potential for facilitating deep learning. This study constructed a peer assessment framework to promote deep learning in blended teaching and designed... More

Abstract: Pronunciation teaching (PT) is crucial for improving oral communication, particularly in vocational universities where students require practical language proficiency for professional purposes. With advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), integrating tools like ChatGPT into language instruction offers new opportunities to enhance pronunciation development. This study examines the effectiveness of ChatGPT-assisted pronunciation instruction... More

Abstract: This study is a pragmatic analysis of the illocutionary and perlocutionary acts in the leadership communication of Funmilayo portrayed in the biographical film Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti by Bolanle Austen Peters. With a qualitative design, the study employed a case study approach to explore language use within the specific context of the film. Data collection involved primary data from the film, transcribing relevant speeches and conversations of... More

Abstract: This article analyses the frequency of phonemes in the General British (GB) and General American (GA) accents of English in their contemporary forms in adult usage. Part One presents a critical analysis of previous data on British and American accents, much of which data are phonetically deficient. We reveal the absence of any phonetically rigorous analysis of the GA accent. Part Three presents a thorough new analysis of the frequency of... More

Abstract: The current study provides a pragma-stylistic assessment of the English interpretation of Arab leaders' speeches delivered at the United Nations General Assembly. The main problem of the study is that the English interpretation of Arab leaders' speeches contains some differences in the pragma-stylistic fundamentals usually found in the Arabic texts of these speeches. It investigates the impact of the variances in pragmatic and stylistic elements... More

Abstract: This study investigates how the LitEscape Challenge, a gamified literary escape-room activity, enhances ESL students' understanding of key narrative elements, such as plot, character, setting, theme, conflict, and moral values, while simultaneously promoting a deeper engagement with the linguistic structures found in literary texts. The activity was conceptualized to provide a problem-based learning environment where students work... More

Abstract: Artificial intelligence, AI, specifically the 'intelligent' chatbots exemplified by chapGPT accessing the raw power of Large Language Models, the underlying GenAI technology, such as OpenAI, offers a variety of ways to support teachers. This raw power can however be problematic. Large Language Models can 'hallucinate' , providing plausible but fictitious information, furthermore, they require considerable skill in drafting queries that give the... More

Abstract: Integrating digital technology into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing courses is essential for students' adaptation to the demands of contemporary communication. This study examines the implementation of digital multimodal workbooks (DMW) in academic writing courses for EFL students at a university in Indonesia. This study focuses on the implementation phase by employing a research and development methodology that uses the ADDIE... More

Abstract: Emojis in contemporary digital communication extend beyond affective cues to index intergenerational identities and social behaviors. Focusing on WeChat Moments, this study investigates generational differences in emoji use during festive interactions. We adopt a mixed-methods design: quantitative analysis of 1500 posts and in-depth interviews with 15 users aged 20–50. The analysis is grounded in Systemic Functional Linguistics and Multimodal... More

Abstract: The objective: this article explores the new version translation of Arabic religious verbs, namely, ?ic tamara ‘travelled’, hajja ‘travelled’, sabbaha ‘sanctified’, ?asra ‘ordered’, salla ‘granted, asked’, saama ‘fasted’, zakka ‘gave’, ?itaqa ‘feared’ and ?aamana ‘believed’. It was difficult for translators of the Holy Quran and others in the recent relevant literature to give satisfactory meanings for the verbs to convince the reader. As these... More

Abstract: This research study investigated the interconnectedness and interdependence of emotions and English learning among EFL students. It also examined how specific components of emotional intelligence—namely self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills—affect learning outcomes, the strategies involved, and the implications and recommendations for educational practices to enhance English learning. The research was based on... More

Abstract: Understanding how motivational strategies are perceived and prioritized by learners is essential for effective foreign language instruction, particularly within culturally diverse contexts. This study investigates the perceived importance and frequency of motivational strategies employed by English language teachers, as reported by EFL learners in Iran and Oman. A modified Likert-scale questionnaire was administered to 173 Iranian and 147 Omani... More

Abstract: Adaptive Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) technologies are reshaping the development of speaking skills among ESL learners. The goal of the study is to investigate the impact of the ICALL adaptive system on learners' speaking proficiency. This study also depicts the learners' personal ICALL experiences. An in-depth analysis of contemporary literature is conducted to uncover the recent development and trends in ICALL for... More

Abstract: Literacy development remains a critical challenge among young learners in rural Malaysia, particularly for girls who face sociocultural barriers, limited exposure, and a lack of relatable reading materials. Existing English language tools are often generic and fail to align with the linguistic needs and cultural realities of underserved communities. As a result, girls in Orang Asli and remote regions experience lower reading motivation and... More

Abstract: This research explores the impact of gamified learning modules on promoting engagement, vocabulary retention, and interpreting performance among undergraduate Arabic-English interpreting students at Applied Science Private University. Implemented over a semester with 20 students enrolled in a capstone interpreting course, the research used a pre- and post-test design to assess student progress before and after the introduction of gamified... More

Abstract: This study examines the influence of self-assessment practices on promoting learner autonomy and improving writing proficiency among EFL students at Hail University, Saudi Arabia. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, integrating quantitative pre- and post-test assessments with qualitative data from learner surveys. Fifty-two intermediate-level learners were split into two groups: an experimental group that used CEFR-based Can-Do... More

Abstract: This research sought to catalog the Qurʾānic narrations attributed to Maymūnah AlMadanīyah, specifically those whose chains of transmission trace back to Abū Jaʿfar al-Madanī, one of the ten recognized canonical readers. In addition to documenting these narrations, the study examined their primary sources and explored their linguistic orientation at both the sentence and structural levels, aiming to shed light on Maymūnah's role as both a... More

Abstract: This study explores the subtitling of Jordanian Arabic swear words into English on two major streaming platforms, Netflix and Shahid, with a particular focus on how translators handle taboo and offensive language. A corpus of 125 Jordanian Arabic swear words was analyzed using Hughes' (1998) thematic categorization framework alongside the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) tensity model, which classifies swear words as strong, moderate,... More

Abstract: This study aims to analyse the difficulties faced by English as foreign language (EFL) learners when using English as the medium of instruction in the classroom and to indicate the significance of understanding English vocabulary to assist in classrooms where English is the primary medium of instruction. Adopting a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional design, the research aims to identify the linguistic, psychological, pedagogical and... More

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers strong potential to enhance English language teaching, yet its pedagogical integration in Chinese universities remains uneven. Current training and practice often emphasize the technical use of individual tools rather than their purposeful application in communicative and interactive instruction. To address this gap, the present study examined the challenges and needs of university English as a Foreign... More

Abstract: Interpreting legal terms in Islamic jurisprudence has largely been derived from the Quran or the Prophet's traditions. These terms consequently acquire a specific juridical significance in Islamic law. This study aims to examine the linguistic variations and semantic nuances of the Arabic term Riba (usury) as it appears in six selected Quranic verses, with a particular focus on its translation across different interpretive contexts. This term... More

Abstract: This study examines the perceptual features of code-switching employed by social media trendsetters and their impact on followers’ engagement, trust, and communication effectiveness. Using the Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT), the researcher investigates whether switching between languages enhances relatability and credibility, particularly within South Africa's multilingual digital landscape. A quantitative survey method was employed,... More

Abstract: Understanding how -ing forms are rendered is crucial for maintaining the demand for accurate, contextualized translations in journalism. This study examines the complexities involved in translating the -ing form in English (SL) into the Indonesian language (TL), highlighting the grammatical, syntactic, and contextual nuances that influence translation choices. The -ing form, which may function as a present participle, gerund, or adjective, often... More

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial patterns and associations between language variation and place-name morphology in Sepaku Sub-district, the core area of Indonesia's future capital, Nusantara. Using two main approaches in this study, namely spatial pattern analysis and spatial association analysis. Spatial pattern analysis maps language use in Sepaku, particularly through kinship terms and toponymic morphology. Linguistic data... More

Abstract: This article presents a psycholinguistic investigation of the translation of poetry, with specific focus on John Donne's metaphysical poem A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning (1611–1612) and its Ukrainian translations by Viktor Koptilov (twentieth century) and Bohdan Zavidnyak (twenty-first century). There is no doubt that definite factors must be considered when translating poetic works. Key factors influencing poetic translation, including the... More

Abstract: Authentic assessment in speaking bridges the gap between classroom learning and real-world communication, offering a more accurate and relevant measure of learners’ speaking ability. Clarifying the views of Indonesian EFL teachers on the use of authentic assessment for speaking abilities was the aim of this study. It employed a qualitative method and a descriptive research design. Data were gathered through the use of interviews. The study... More

Abstract: Tourism communication has become the strategic construction of symbolic narratives that influence destination reputation and global perceptions. Yet, in Jordan, there is a gap in research on how the Jordan Tourism Board (JTB) implements semiosis to shape the country's destination image online. This study, therefore, analyzes how JTB employs semiotic strategies to build Jordan's tourism image across Facebook and X (formerly Twitter) platforms.... More

Abstract: This study investigates the integration of digital tools in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction for students with special educational needs (SEN) in Saudi Arabia. Drawing on a quantitative survey of 204 special education teachers across various regions, it explores the frequency and types of technology use, the relationship between teachers' digital competencies and their pedagogical practices, and the extent of institutional and... More

Abstract: African culture may be richly interwoven with narratives traditionally expressed through dramatic arts, serving both educational and entertainment purposes. The study seeks to understand the integration of African cultural narratives and dramatic arts with modern technology to enhance linguistic identity and language acquisition among Grade 10 learners. Employing a qualitative case study design, the research utilised a purposive sample of 20... More

Abstract: This research explores the role of interpersonal meaning in shaping learning dynamics at Ronggowale High School, Semarang, focusing on how sociocultural contexts influence classroom interactions. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study combined qualitative and quantitative data, including observations, interviews, and video recordings, to analyze the interaction patterns between teachers and students. The findings highlight that... More

Abstract: This bibliometric study explores the scientific landscape of AI-powered technologies in language learning from 2022 to 2025. Using data retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed through VOS viewer and Bibliophagy, the study examined 737 publications. We provide publication trends, key authors, geographical distribution, thematic patterns, and content analysis. The analysis showed a significant increase in publication output, especially in... More

Abstract: Sentence embedding is the task of capturing textual information in contextualized vectors, which has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its effectiveness in a wide range of downstream NLP applications, such as classification, retrieval, and semantic search. Despite substantial progress, particularly for English, the study of sentence embeddings in resource-constrained languages like Thai remains underexplored. Existing Thai... More

Abstract: This study has examined the impact of collaborative writing on the linguistic, cognitive, affective, and motivational growth of EFL learners. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered to assess students' perceptions, along with empirical analysis of their written assignments. Two research instruments were employed: One, outputs for a written task assigned to two groups (control and experimental), and a questionnaire administered to... More

Abstract: This paper explores how Bernardine Evaristo’s Blonde Roots uses language to expose and challenge the ideologies that sustained colonialism and the transatlantic slave trade. By reversing the historical facts and roles of enslaver and enslaved, Evaristo reimagines slavery from an Afrocentric perspective, compelling readers to confront the constructed nature of racial hierarchies. The study draws on ideas from Paul Gilroy, Michel Foucault, and... More

Abstract: Integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the teaching process has become dominant. It is important to understand how teachers perceive the technology for teaching. This study aims to fill a significant gap in previous studies by examining the factors that influence the willingness of English teachers in Saudi Arabia to use AI tools for vocabulary teaching. It is unexplored enough in education. This study uses the technology acceptance... More

Abstract: This study explores student perceptions of online versus conventional English teaching effectiveness methodologies on oral proficiency development among Chinese non-native university learners, addressing the critical need for evidence based pedagogical approaches and instructional strategies in contemporary language education. A mixed-methods pilot investigation was conducted with 30 first-year Chinese university students using four validated... More

Abstract: Smoking is a major cause of preventable death globally despite decades of tobacco control efforts, including antismoking campaigns. While interest in the cross-cultural dynamics of public health discourse has grown, only few studies have systematically compared multimodal strategies across different cultural contexts. This study contributes to this under researched area by investigating how Saudi and British anti-smoking advertisements differ in... More

Abstract: This paper presents a comparative analysis of derivational morphology in Turkish, a natural agglutinative language, and Esperanto, a constructed one, through the theoretical lens of René de Saussure's principles of necessity and sufficiency. The study employs a qualitative, review-based research design grounded in comparative-typological methodology. Data were sourced from a purposive sample of scholarly literature, including theoretical... More

Abstract: This research examines how Indian cinema has depicted androgyny with a particular focus on Navarasa (2005) directed by Santosh Sivan. It places the movie within the broader framework of gender and sexuality, questioning the role of cinematic texts in working as cultural apparatuses in the stabilisation and destabilisation of normative identity constructions. It is in this context that Navarasa is important in terms of foreshadowing androgyny as... More

Abstract: This study investigates the preferences of Omani EFL learners for isolated (ISO) and integrated (INT) form-focused instruction (FFI) through a partial replication of Spada and Lima’s study. A total of 150 university students (125 females and 25 males) participated in the study. The participants were asked to complete a validated self-reported questionnaire that assessed their preferences for ISO and INT FFI. The results indicate that a... More

Abstract: In early 2020, the Saudi Ministry of Education introduced Chinese as a foreign language (CHL) in selected high schools and universities across major cities such as Jeddah and Riyadh. Implemented in ten schools and three universities, this initiative marked the first stage of a national strategy to expand Chinese instruction across the Kingdom by 2030. The policy highlights Saudi Arabia's growing diplomatic and economic partnership with China,... More

Abstract: This study presents a bibliometric analysis of research on deep learning (DL)-based reading instruction models for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners published between 2015 and 2025. The rapid advancement of DL technologies has reshaped instructional strategies in language education, comprehensive insights into their application in EFL reading remain limited. The study aims to map global research trends, identify influential authors... More

Abstract: Language in music serves as a tool for identity construction and cultural expression, especially in societies where many languages are spoken. It helps people express their identity and connect with their heritage through words and melodies. This study investigates linguistic registers and social identity in contemporary Xhosa music through a comparative analysis of Zahara's Inameva and Big Xhosa's Ninyile. This study employed register theory... More

Abstract: Higher Education Institutional language policy regarding the medium of instruction (MI) may consider different factors, such as national goals and visions, learners' identity, the concept of globalization, finding better career opportunities, first language proficiency, and the native culture and content comprehension. The impact of the language policy on students' learning has been revisited in the literature over the years, raising important... More

Abstract: This paper examines how Thomas Keneally's The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith engages with the restoration of Aboriginal voice and identity within the context of Australian colonial discourse. Specifically, the novel addresses the historical silencing of Aboriginal people and highlights the tension between imposed European language and enduring Aboriginal oral traditions. The central objective of this study is to explore how linguistic... More

Abstract: The article discusses the linguocognitive value and meaning of taboo, which in linguistics refers to ethnographic lexis, and analyzes its semantic structure. Lexical units in the vocabulary of a language are abstracted in the mind through deep linguistic structures, logical, psychological, philosophical, social, etc., foundations formed in the linguistic consciousness, and are reflected in the language through a cognitive model. As we know,... More

Abstract: Language learning is not merely a cognitive process; it is an emotional and psychological journey shaped by confidence, vulnerability, and mindset. This study explores key psychological barriers—including anxiety, fear of judgment, perfectionism, and cognitive fatigue—that hinder learners' progress and presents strategies to foster a growth-oriented approach. Drawing on qualitative data from language learners, the findings revealed that... More

Abstract: Correction This notice confirms that the originally published version of this article contained omissions of essential foundational citations.The following Correction supersedes sections of the originally published article as there were some initial discrepancies. Readers should refer to the Supplementary Appendix for the updated content.The authors apologize for this oversight. This correction does not affect the results, discussion, or... More

Abstract: This article explores the importance of developing a cognitive model of linguistic categories to better understand them as outcomes of cognitive processes. It highlights the fundamental problem of how humans conceptualize the world and how these conceptualizations are translated into cognitive models, which in turn find expression in speech and communication. The study emphasizes the close interdependence between cognition and linguistic... More

Abstract: The Russian language is still a powerful, prestigious, and respectable language in Uzbekistan’s business society, even thirty-five years after independence from the Soviet Union, although it is neither a state/official language nor a statutory language for interethnic communication in the country. This article attempts to examine this contradictory language situation in Uzbekistan and to clearly understand the realities of linguistic development... More

Abstract: Phone call scams have become increasingly prevalent, driven by limitations in communication protocols and legal hurdles in the modern digital landscape, while advancements in technology have made it easier for scammers to conceal their identities. This study investigates the language-based persuasive strategies scammers employ through phone calls to trap their targets in Pakistan. Robert Cialdini's persuasion principles provide a theoretical... More

Abstract: The Ha’il region is located in the northwestern part of Saudi Arabia connecting the far northern and southern regions of the Kingdom. It boasts of its unique location, rich geographical structures, and archeological sites. Thus, the current study attempts to explore different geographical and archeological sites names in the Ha'il region through an in-depth analysis of their morphological and phonological structures and the transformation of... More

Abstract: Lao She occupies a unique place in the history of Chinese-Polish literary exchange. He was the first modern Chinese writer to be translated into Polish, and the only one whose works were translated from the 1940s to the 1990s. This article explores the context in which Lao She was translated in Poland, identifying three significant translation periods that reflect political, ideological and cultural changes in both countries. The first phase... More

Abstract: This study systematically examines the prosodic characteristics of Zhuang folk songs, an important intangible cultural heritage of China, to understand interface mechanisms between tonal languages and music. Based on prosodic phonology theory and Optimality Theory, we constructed a large-scale annotated corpus of 1250 Zhuang folk songs from three dialect regions across 12 prefectural-level cities in Guangxi. Using acoustic analysis, statistical... More

Abstract: This article proposes a reconceptualization of the smart library through a transliteracy lens, exploring its transformative potential in rural contexts, the premise being that the best library is not the most modern but the one that serves its target community to the fullest. Moving beyond a merely technological understanding of ‘smartness,’ we argue for an expanded, inclusive notion that incorporates cultural relevance, educational equity, and... More

Abstract: Morphological knowledge is an important building block of second-language learners' writing ability. The present research aimed to determine whether the materials of a simple tool for probing awareness of morphological knowledge — the Wug test — can be used in a novel manner and for a novel purpose. Namely, it asked whether these materials can be co-opted to predict second-language learners' (a) writing anxiety, (b) fluency of writing processes... More

Abstract: For second-language freshmen enrolled in a topical course of the general education curriculum, writing anxiety can be an obstacle to desirable performance. A key component of writing anxiety is worrying, which depletes students’ working memory of the necessary resources to carry out writing. This study first examined the extent to which, before the final exam, students experienced second-language writing anxiety and particular worries. Then, it... More

Abstract: In an era where digital innovation reshapes the very fabric of education, the teaching of vocabulary in monolingual African classrooms remains one of the least transformed dimensions of language learning. This study investigates the pedagogical potential of digital technologies in enhancing vocabulary acquisition within English First Additional Language (EFAL) classrooms in the Dzindi circuit, a context characterised by minimal exposure to... More

Abstract: Humour is not only a source of entertainment but also a way to present sensitive issues in a lighter manner. The present research explores the humour literature in the Indian cultural context. It attempts to analyse the content of select short stories written by Khushwant Singh to find how humour becomes a handy instrument for an author to convey opaque messages in a manner palatable to the taste of even those who cannot handle the spice of... More

Abstract: This study examines how the Turkish poetry influenced Arab poets' works, particularly in Palestine. The study sample consisted of all Palestinian poets who were influenced by the Turkish poet Hikmet's poetry and philosophy, following in his footsteps and drawing on his revolutionary spirit and anti-colonial fight. The descriptive-analytical approach was used to examine the poetry of both Hikmet's and Palestinians' poetry. The findings revealed... More

Abstract: Proverbs are among the most valuable pearls of folk creativity. The content of these expressions frequently draws on elements of the natural world, such as animals, plants, and especially birds. Birds, perceived by humans as both familiar and distant beings, have become symbols of freedom, beauty, cunning, or loyalty within the natural world. Proverbs containing ornithonyms thus expand the stylistic resources of language and enhance its... More

Abstract: Short-form video platforms such as TikTok have become central to how learners encounter English, yet their role in vocabulary development remains underexplored in TESOL research. Existing studies often describe TikTok as engaging but rarely identify which design features most effectively support vocabulary growth. This study addresses that gap by investigating ESL learners’ perceptions of TikTok’s multimodal features and by introducing the... More

Abstract: This study explores the sociological and linguistic relevance of naming traditions within these communities. They contain social ideals, personal histories, and collective memories; they frequently represent birth circumstances or group experiences. Names serve as indicators of kinship, gender roles, social rank, and intergenerational history in addition to their literal meaning. In order to understand how names function as communicative acts... More

Abstract: Optimal Indonesian language learning should not only be limited to linguistic aspects but should also be able to integrate the cultural values contained therein. Local concepts such as Assitalliang, which is full of cultural wisdom, have great potential to be used as teaching materials that support these goals. This study aims to explore how the role of teaching materials based on Assitalliang can increase students' cultural awareness in the... More

Abstract: This study critically investigates the historical and contemporary sociolinguistic status of Sotho-Tswana and isiNdebele within civil courts in Garankuwa, Soshanguve, and Pretoria CBD, South Africa. The central aim is to examine how these languages function within judicial spaces that remain dominated by English and, to a lesser extent, isiZulu despite constitutional guarantees of multilingualism. The study further seeks to understand how... More

Abstract: This study examines the construction and distribution of emotions in Kevin Kwan’s Crazy Rich Asians using the Appraisal framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), focusing specifically on the Affect subsystem and its relation to narrative staging. Narratives are typically structured into orientation, complication, evaluation, and resolution, each fulfilling distinct communicative and emotional roles. By analyzing these stages and their... More

Abstract: This study employed a quantitative survey design to examine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-mediated feedback on vocabulary, pragmatics, syntax, error awareness, and interactive online writing in the development of linguistic competence in Indonesian. Data were collected from high school and university students in Indonesia. The collected data were analysed using SPSS software, applying regression and moderation analyses. Results... More

Abstract: In this study, the semantic distribution of the clinical collocations "cancer" and "patient," with an emphasis on their medical applications, was analyzed using Hoey' s lexical priming model. A corpus of 1000 medical research articles from leading journals, encompassing approximately 2,576,035 words, was utilized. AntConc software identified high-frequency words, and the semantic loads of collocations of "cancer" and "patient" were categorized... More

Abstract: In the digital consumer ecosystem, online reviews for infant products serve as a critical locus for risk communication and caregiving identity construction. This study draws on a corpus of 11,435 consumer reviews of baby cribs collected from major Chinese e-commerce platforms to examine how parents linguistically articulate risk perceptions, evaluate product performance, and communicate caregiving concerns. Adopting a mixed-methods approach that... More

Abstract: This study examines the persuasive communication strategies presented in the Chinese diplomatic speeches. This study focuses on the rhetorical elements that shape China's international narrative from 2023 to 2025. In the context of increasing geopolitical rivalry and evolving global power structures, diplomatic speeches serve as strategic tools to influence international perceptions, advance China's foreign policy, and assert normative... More

Abstract: The English Public Speaking (EPS) course in China, despite a relatively short history of just over 30 years, now has become an important English as a Foreign Language (EFL) course in China' s higher education curriculum. This course not only aims to enhance students’ English communication skills for engagement in global communication but also to cultivate their ability to tell China' s stories on the international stage. This study reviews the... More

Abstract: This study explored the impact of Genially-based interactive media, when integrated into a flipped learning model, on the literacy and writing skills of middle school students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A quasi-experimental design was employed, using pre-test and post-test control groups to examine learning outcomes. The participants consisted of 18 students with ASD, divided evenly into an experimental group (n = 9) and a control... More

Abstract: This study investigates the implementation of Speech-to-Text (STT) and Text-to-Speech (TTS) technologies in multimodal English as a Foreign Language (EFL) assessment for students with disabilities in Indonesian special senior high schools (SMALB). Using an embedded mixed-methods design, the research involved 25 students with diverse disabilities, alongside teachers and support staff, to explore how STT and TTS tools support inclusive pedagogy... More

Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of cultural-connotative meanings and senses of words in different languages, considered as cultural information revealed in the course of interpretation. The aim of this article is to identify the cultural meanings contained in the word "blue," to conduct a directed associative experiment (both chain and thematic types), and to describe and classify the types of cultural associations as well as the modes of... More