Keith Hollinshead
Independent Scholar, England & Australia, United Kingdom
Vannsy Kuon
Kirirom Institute of Technology, Kampong Speu, Cambodia
In general,this manuscript critiques the contemporary dynamisms of the formation/deformation of the cultural sphere under the increased mobilisations of globalization.In particular,it inspects the symphysis [
SYMPHYSIS] between 'tourism' and 'culture',where the latter stands as an immense portmanteau phenomenon embracing many different things (under the vicissitudes of globalisation/glocalisation) across the protean realms of race, gender,entertainment, consumerism, meaning-making, et cetera.Critiquing Jamal and Robinson's recent attempt at panoramic coverage of the geography of tourism/tourism studies), it argues that tourism is regularly implicated in cultural practices relating to power-exercises in/across society. Then, in synthesising Bauman’s vision of contemporary society as that moving from seemingly well-ordered stabilities to a geographic realm where change is the-only-permanence and uncertainty the-onlycertainty, the manuscript generates five lead propositions calling for 'plural knowability',viz.,for a deeper/richer palette-of-imagination on the teeming multiplicities and throbbing provisionalities of culture as it emerges/unfolds or otherwise gets recast under the destabilising 'nomadic logics' of our time. In viewing culture as a vehicle of both 'impermanence' and 'seduction nowadays, the paper notes how in so many places and spaces, individuals are less inclined to be engaged locally/regionally/nationally as culture —partly through the volatile iterability of travel/tourism — has become an ever-widening polylogue.
[1] Featherstone, M., Lash,S., & Robertson,R. (Eds.),(1995), Global modernities, London, Sage.
[2] Gibson, C. (2018), “Touring nation”, In D.Rowe,G.Turner, and E.Waterton (Eds.), Making culture,London, Routledge, 126-139.
[3] Appadurai, A. (1990), “Disjuncture and difference in the global cultural economy”, In M.Featherstone (Ed.), Global culture, London, Sage. 295-310.
[4] Featherstone, M. (1995), “Localism, globalism and cultural identity”, In W.Dissanayake &R.Wilson (Eds.), Global/local, Durham,NC, Duke University,46-77; see also Featherstone, M. (2000), Undoing culture: Globalization, postmodernism and identity,London, Sage.
[5] Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (1983), Anti-oedipus,Minneapolis, University of Minnesota.
[6] Featherstone, M., Lash,S., & Robertson,R. (Eds.),(1995), Global modernities, London, Sage.backcover.
[7] Lachman, G. (2017), Lost knowledge of the imagination, Edinburgh, Floris.
[8] Robertson, R. (1995), “Globalization”, In M.Featherstone, S.Lash & R.Robertson (Eds.), Global modernities, London, Sage, 25-44.
[9] Braidotti, R. (2019), Posthuman knowledge, Cambridge, Polity.
[10] Lash, S. (1990), Sociology of postmodernism, London, Routledge.
[11] Crouch, D. (2013), “Space and place-making”, In M.Smith and G.Richards (Eds.), Handbook of cultural tourism, London, Routledge, 247-251.
[12] Friedman, J. (1992), “General historical and culturally specific properties of global systems”,Review,15(3),335-372.
[13] Mount, D. & S.O’Brien. (2016), “Postcolonialism and the Environment”, In G.Huggan (Ed.),Handbook of postcolonial studies, Oxford, OUP. 521-539.
[14] Luke, T.W. (1995), “New world order or neo-world order”, In M.Featherstone, S.Lash &R.Robertson (Eds.), Global modernities, London, Sage, 91-107.
[15] Holbraad, M. and M.A.Pedersen. (2007), The ontological turn, Cambridge, CUP.
[16] Baudrillard, J. (1983), In shadow of silent majorities,N.York, Semiotext(e).
[17] Gullion, J.S. (2018), Diffractive ethnography,N.York,Routledge.
[18] Bauman, Z. (1992), Intimations of postmodernity,London, Routledge.
[19] Dhawan, N. and S.Randeria. (2016), “Perspectives on globalisation and subalternity”, In G.Huggan (Ed.), Handbook of postcolonial studies, Oxford,OUP, 559-587.
[20] Wagner, R.W. (2014), "Mind society and action", Review of Austrian Economics, 28(3).
[21] Rothberg, H.N. (1862), From knowledge to intelligence: Creating competitive advantage in the next economy, London, Routledge.
[22] Luke, T.W. (1995), “New world order or neo-world order”, In M.Featherstone, S.Lash &R.Robertson (Eds.), Global modernities, London, Sage, 91-107.
[23] Braidotti, R. (2019), Posthuman knowledge, Cambridge, Polity, 153-173.
[24] Anderson, B. (1983), Imagined communities, London, Verso.
[25] Flick, U. (2018), “Triangulation”, In N.K.Denzin and Y.S.Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research,L.Angeles, Sage, 444-461; see page 457.
[26] Bhabha, H. (1994),The location of culture,London,Routledge.
[27] Kuon, V. (2014), The projection of Cambodia today,Unpublished dissertation, Luton, England, University of Bedfordshire.
[28] Pieterse, J.P.N. (1994), “Unpacking the west”, In A.Rattansi, & S.Westwood (Eds.), Racism, modernity, identity, Cambridge, Polity, 129-149.
[29] Escobar, A. (2020), Pluriversal politics, Durham, NC,Duke University.
[30] Hollinshead on hyperreality, in Jafari, J. (Ed.). (2000),Encyclopedia of Tourism, London,Routledge, 292.
[31] Kincheloe, J.L. & McLaren,P. (2005), "Rethinking critical theory and qualitative research", In N.K.Denzin & Y.S.Lincoln (Eds), Handbook of qualitative research, L.Angeles, Sage, 303-342.
[32] Law, J. and M.Lien. (2018), “Denaturalising nature”,In M.de la Cadena and M.Blaser (Eds.), A world of many worlds, Durham, NC, Duke University, 131-171; see page 152.
[33] Hamid, M. (2007), The reluctant fundamentalist,London, Hamish Hamilton.
[34] Heywood, A. (2011), Global politics, Basingstoke,Palgrave.
[35] Smith, L.T. (2005), “On tricky ground”, In N.K.Denzin and Y.S.Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research, L.Angeles, Sage, 83-108; see page 95.
[36] Featherstone, M. (2000), Undoing culture: Globalization, postmodernism, and identity. London,Sage.
[37] Kuon, V. (2014), The projection of Cambodia today,Unpublished dissertation, Luton, England, University of Bedfordshire.
[38] Game, A. (1991), Undoing the social, Milton Keynes,Open U.P.
[39] Braidotti, R. (2019), Posthuman knowledge, Cambridge, Polity, 40-74..
[40] Gullion, J.S. (2018), Diffractive ethnography, N.York,Routledge.
[41] Brah, A. (1992), “Difference, diversity, and differentiation”, In J.Donald, & A.Rattansi (Eds.),Race,culture and difference, London, Sage, 126-145.
[42] Gilroy, P. (1994), The black Atlantic, London, Verso.
[43] Hartsock, N. (1997), “Comment on Hekman's 'Truth and Method' Feminist Theory Revisited”,Signs,22(2),367-374.
[44] Escobar, A. (2020), Pluriversal politics, Durham, NC,Duke University.
[45] Butler, J. (1993), Bodies that matter, London, Routledge, 105 (emphasis added).
[46] Thrift, N. (2007), Non-representation theory, London, Routledge.
[47] Urry, J. (2007), Mobilities, Cambridge, Polity.
[48] Jamal, T. & Robinson,M. (Eds.), (2009), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage.
[49] MacCannell, D. (2009), Sleevenote, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies,L.Angeles, Sage.
[50] Crang, M. (2009), Sleevenote. In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies. L.Angeles, Sage.
[51] Robinson, M., & Jamal,T. (2009), “Conclusions”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 693-791; see page 697.
[52] Robinson, M., & Jamal,T. (2009), “Conclusions”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 693-791; see page 693.
[53] Franklin, A.S. (2009), “The sociology of tourism”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 65-91; see page 75.
[54] Franklin, A.S., & Crang,M. (2001), “The trouble with tourism and travel theory”, Tourist Studies, 1(1),5-22.
[55] Tribe, J. (2005), “New tourism research”, Tourism Recreation Research, 30(2),5-8.
[56] Picken, F. (2006), “From tourist looking-glass to analytical carousels”, Current Issues in Tourism,9(2),158-170.
[57] Ateljevic, I., Morgan, N., & Pritchard, A. (Eds.),(2007). The critical turn in tourism studies,London,Elsevier.
[58] Hollinshead, K. (2007), “Worldmaking and the transformation of place and culture”, In I.Ateljevic,N.Morgan & A.Pritchard (Eds.), The critical turn in tourism studies, London, Elsevier,165-196.
[59] Fullagar, S. (2000), “Nature”, Cultural Values,4(1),58-76.
[60] Edensor, T. (2001), “Performing tourism, staging tourism”, Tourist Studies, 1(1),59-81.
[61] Franklin, A.S. (2009), “The sociology of tourism”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 65-91; see page 75.
[62] Anderson, B. & P.Harrison. (2010), Taking place,Farnham, Ashgate.
[63] Bissel, D. & A.Gorman-Murray. (2019), “Disoriented Geographies”, Trans. Inst. Br. Geog., 1-14.
[64] Smith, D.W. (2012), Essays on Deleuze, Edinburgh,EUP.
[65] Buda, D.M. (2015), Affective tourism, London,Routledge; 21-31.
[66] Wood, R.E. (2009), “Tourism and International Policy”, In T.Jamal and M.Robinson (Eds.),Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 510-612; see page 608.
[67] Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2006), "More than an industry: The forgotten power of tourism as a social force", Tourism Management 27(6): 1192-1208.
[68] Mavrič, M. & Urry, J. (2009), "Tourism studies and the new mobilities paradigm", In T.Jamal and M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies,L.Angeles, Sage, 645-657; see page 646.
[69] Franklin, A.S., & Crang,M. (2001), “The trouble with tourism and travel theory”, Tourist Studies, 1(1),5-22.
[70] Franklin, A.S. (2004), “Tourism as an ordering”,Tourist Studies, 4(3),277-301.
[71] Smith, M. (2009), “Ethical perspectives”, In T.Jamal,& M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies,L.Angeles, Sage, 613-630.; see page 619.
[72] Urry, J. (1990), The tourist gaze, London, Sage.
[73] Arellano, A. (2004), “Bodies, spirits, and Incas”, In M.Sheller & J.Urry (Eds.), Tourism mobilities, London, Routledge, 67-77; see page 67.
[74] Mavrič, M., & Urry,J. (2009), “Tourism studies and the new mobilities paradigm”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 645-657; see page 651.
[75] Robinson, M., & Jamal,T. (2009), “Conclusions”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 693-791; see page 700.
[76] Robinson, M., & Jamal,T. (2009), “Conclusions”, In T.Jamal, & M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage, 693-791; see page 699.
[77] Mignolo, W.D. & C.E.Walsh. (2018), On decoloniality, Durham, NC, Duke University.
[78] Lapointe, D. & Muldoon, M. (In Prep.), Tourism and Entanglements, Tourism, Culture and Communication, Special Issue, with Research Committee 50 (International Tourism), International Sociological Association.
[79] Jamal, T. & Robinson,M. (Eds.), (2009), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage.
[80] Crouch, D. (2009), “The diverse dynamics of cultural studies and tourism”, In T.Jamal and M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles,Sage, 82-97.
[81] Long, P. & Robinson,M. (2009), “Tourism, Popular Culture and the Media”, In T.Jamal and M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles,Sage, 98-114.
[82] Hollinshead, K. (2009), “Theme parks and the representation of culture and nature”, In T.Jamal and M.Robinson (Eds.), Handbook of tourism studies,L.Angeles, Sage, 269-289.
[83] Hollinshead, K. (1993), The truth about Texas, Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, Texas A&M University, USA.
[84] Hou, C.H. (2012), "China and deep-rooted vision:Cultural grammar in contest in tourism, today".Tourism Analysis, 17(387-3w97).
[85] Moufakkir, O. & Y.Reisinger (Eds.). (2013), The host gaze in global tourism, Wallingford,England, CABI.
[86] Shields, R. (1991), Places on the margin: Alternative geographies of modernity, London,Routledge.
[87] Henderson, J. (2013), “Finding a place for heritage in S.E.Asian cities”, In M.Smith and G.Richards (Eds.),Handbook of cultural tourism, London, Routledge,259-264.
[88] Weeks, J. (2000), Making sexual history, Cambridge,Polity.
[89] Skinner, H. (2013), “Territory, culture, nationalism,and the politics of place”, In M.Smith and G.Richards (Eds.), Handbook of cultural tourism, London, Routledge, 84-88.
[90] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity.
[91] Salazar, N.B. (2013), “The (im)mobility of tourism imaginaries”, In M.Smith and G.Richards (Eds.),Handbook of cultural tourism, London, Routledge,34-39.
[92] Bauman, Z. (2015), Practices of selfhood [Written with R.Raud], Cambridge, Polity
[93] Picard, D. (2011), Tourism, magic, and modernity:Cultivating the human garden, N.York, Berghahn.
[94] Bauman, Z. (2000), Liquid modernity, Cambridge,Polity.
[95] Bauman, Z. (2017), Retropia, Cambridge, Polity.
[96] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 18.
[97] Bauman Z. Consuming Life. Cambridge: Polity.2007
[98] Bauman, Z. Culture in a Liquid Modern World (Trans.L. Bauman).Cambridge: Polity. 81. 2012
[99] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 15.
[100] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 83.
[101] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 116.
[102] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 110.
[103] Kundera, M. (2019), The unbearable lightness of being, N.York, Perennial Classics.
[104] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 15.
[105] Finley, S. (2018), “Critical arts-based inquiry”, In N.K.Denzin and Y.S.Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research, L.Angeles, Sage, 561-575; see page 469.
[106] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 113.
[107] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, 114.
[108] Braidotti, R. (2019), Posthuman knowledge, Cambridge, Polity, 175-6.
[109] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity, backcover notes.
[110] Jamal, T. & Robinson,M. (Eds.), (2009), Handbook of tourism studies, L.Angeles, Sage.
[111] Bauman, Z. (2012), Culture in a liquid modern world (Trans. L.Bauman), Cambridge, Polity.
[112] Hollinshead, K. (1998), “Tourism and the Restless Peoples: A Dialectical Inspection of Bhabha’s Halfway Populations”, Tourism, Culture and Communication, 1, 49-77.
[113] Hollinshead, K. & R.Suleman (2017), “A Time for Fluid Acumen: A Call for Improved Tourism Studies Dialogue with the Decolonising World”, Tourism, Culture and Communication, 17, 61-74.
[114] Hollinshead, K & T.B.Jamal (2002), “Delving into Discourse: Excavating the Power-logic(s) of Tourism”, Tourism Analysis, 6,63-73.
[115] Hollinshead, K. & R.Suleman (2016), Events and the Framing of Peoples and Places: Acts of Declaration / Acts of Devilry”, In T.Pernecky (Ed.), Approaches and Methods in Event Studies.London,Routledge, 178-204.
[116] Hollinshead, K. (In Press). “Thinking Imaginatively via Generative Vitality in Tourism Studies (After Deleuze)”, Journal of Tourismology.
Copyright © 2021 Keith Hollinshead, Vannsy Kuon
This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.
