An Investigation of Meaning, Toponymy of Sumba Cultural Site's names, and the impact of tourism visitors on surrounding Society

Abstract

This research explores the semantic and toponymic aspects of tourist site names on Sumba Island, focusing on cultural villages and marine tourism locations that have not been previously studied from a linguistic perspective. It also examines the social and economic impact of these sites on local communities. Using a qualitative descriptive method,data were collected through observation and interviews with 22 respondents, using purposive sampling. The study was conducted in West and Southwest Sumba Regencies, covering nine cultural sites/villages and three marine tourism objects. Findings reveal that the names of cultural tourism sites vary in lexical meaning; some, like Toshi Traditional Village and Wee Lewo, lack direct lexical interpretations. Toponymically, the names often derive from physical features, historical events (e.g., Wainyapu, Tarung, Weekurri), or local flora and fauna (e.g., Bodo Ede, Waitabar, Lapopu). These sites attract many visitors, positively impacting the local economy. All respondents reported income increases and new job opportunities, although 73% indicated that earnings fluctuate, averaging one to two million rupiah per month. Additionally, 9% earn below and 18% above this range. Beyond economic benefits, tourism influences social and moral values. Communities remain committed to preserving cultural practices and environmental cleanliness. Language use has also been affected; all respondents strive to use proper Indonesian, and 70% noted that youth are eager to learn English through community-run courses.