Emotional Intelligence and Beliefs about English Language Learning: A Case Study with Pre-service Teachers

Authors

  • Jardel Coutinho dos Santos

    Educational Science Department, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Quevedo EC0901, Ecuador

  • Alina Martínez Hernández

    Educational Science Department, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, Quevedo EC0901, Ecuador

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i12.11270
Received: 26 July 2025 | Revised: 13 August 2025 | Accepted: 5 September 2025 | Published Online: 3 November 2025

Abstract

This case study examines the connection between emotional intelligence (EI) and pre-service teachers' beliefs about English language learning within an Ecuadorian context. 317 participants enrolled in an undergraduate English teacher training program completed two validated instruments: The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire—Short Form (TEIQue-SF) and the Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression analyses were performed to explore potential relationships. Results showed no statistically significant correlation between emotional intelligence and beliefs about English learning (r = 0.020, p = 0.730), and regression analysis confirmed that EI did not predict BALLI scores. Subscale-level analysis revealed no significant associations, although minor trends were observed between emotionality and motivational beliefs. These findings contrast with previous studies indicating positive links between EI and learner beliefs, suggesting that contextual, curricular, and institutional factors may have a greater influence on shaping pre-service teachers' cognition. The study contributes to the current debate about teacher training emphasizing the limited impact of EI on belief systems and advocating for more comprehensive training integrating cognitive, emotional, and reflective components. Limitations include the sample s demographic homogeneity and the lack of qualitative data. Future research should include diverse contexts and mixed methods to further investigate these relationships.

Keywords:

Emotional Intelligence; Beliefs; Pre-service Teachers; Ecuador

References

[1] Mayer, J.D., Salovey, P., 1990. Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality. 9(3), 185–211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG

[2] Mayer, J.D., Salovey, P., 1997. What is emotional intelligence? In: Salovey, P., Sluyter, D. (Eds.). Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence: Educational Implications. Basic Books: New York, NY, USA. pp. 3–31.

[3] Goleman, D., 1995. Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. Bantam Books: New York, NY, USA.

[4] Jennings, P.A., Greenberg, M.T., 2009. The prosocial classroom: Teacher social and emotional competence in relation to student and classroom outcomes. Review of Educational Research. 79(1), 491–525. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654308325693

[5] Brackett, M.A., Katulak, N.A., 2006. Emotional intelligence in the classroom: Skill-based training for teachers and students. In: Ciarrochi, J., Forgas, J.P., Mayer, J.D. (Eds.). Emotional Intelligence in Everyday Life. Psychology Press: New York, NY, USA. pp. 1–27.

[6] Lo, N.P.K., Punzalan, C.H., 2025. The impact of positive psychology on language teachers in higher education. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice. 22(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.53761/5ckx2h71

[7] Corcoran, R.P., Tormey, R. 2012. How emotionally intelligent are pre-service teachers?. Teaching and teacher education. 28(5), 750–759. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2012.02.007

[8] Cai, Y., Liu, H., 2024. Language teacher emotional intelligence: A scoping review. Frontiers in Education Studies. 2(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.59400/fes.v2i4.1599

[9] Valente, S., Veiga-Branco, A., Rebelo, H., et al., 2020. The relationship between emotional intelligence ability and teacher efficacy. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 8(3), 916–923. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080324

[10] Deng, J., Heydarnejad, T., Farhangi, A., et al., 2022. Delving into the relationship between teacher emotion regulation, self-efficacy, engagement, and anger: A focus on English as a foreign language teachers. Frontiers in Psychology. 13, 1019984. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019984

[11] Wossenie, G., 2014. Teachers’ emotional intelligence and sense of self-efficacy beliefs: A study on second cycle public primary school EFL teachers in Bahir Dar Town, Ethiopia. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal. 3(2), 213–220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/star.v3i2.28

[12] Sarkhosh, M., Rezaee, A.A., 2014. How does university teachers’ emotional intelligence relate to their self-efficacy beliefs? Porta Linguarum. 21, 85–100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30827/digibug.30484

[13] Giménez-Lozano, J.M., Morales-Rodríguez, F.M., 2019. Relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and levels of emotional intelligence in university professors. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. 1(1), 143–154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17060/IJODAEP.2019.N1.V1.1399 (in Spanish)

[14] Jiménez Fajardo, S.S., Santos, J.C., 2025. Pre-service Teachers’ Beliefs about the Role of Motivation in Language Learning. Arandu UTIC. 12(1), 1363–1378. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69639/arandu.v12i1.681

[15] Turner, K., Stough, C., 2020. Pre-service teachers and emotional intelligence: A scoping review. Australian Educational Researcher. 47, 159–178. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13384-019-00352-0

[16] Schelhorn, I., Lindl, A., Kuhbandner, C., 2023. Evaluating a training of emotional competence for pre-service teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education. 124, 103939. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103947

[17] Ivanec, T.P., 2020. Exploring pre-service teachers’ emotional competence and motivation for the choice of a teaching career. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. 19(12), 230–245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.12.12

[18] Méndez López, M.G., 2015. Emotional experiences of Mexican language learners: A qualitative study of their effects on motivation. Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada. 15(3), 809–837. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-639820155183

[19] Misdi, M., Rachmawaty, D., Hartini, N., et al., 2021. The emotional geography of a female EFL pre-service teacher in teaching practicum: Voice from initial teacher education. Langkawi Journal of the Association for Arabic and English. 7(1), 106–118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31332/LKW.V7I1.2321

[20] Egloff, F., Souvignier, E., 2020. Effects of emotion on teaching-related beliefs, attitudes, and intentions of preservice teachers. Psychology, Learning and Teaching. 19(2), 161–183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1475725719868410

[21] KV, L., Venukapalli, S., 2023. Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy of pre-service teachers. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 5(11), 63–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2023.5.11.8

[22] Atik, A., Yildirim, R., Demir, S., 2024. Emotional intelligence and language teaching: A new perspective. Journal of Language Teaching and Research. 15(2), 123–130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1034535

[23] Mavrou, I., 2020. Working memory, executive functions, and emotional intelligence in second language writing. Journal of Second Language Writing. 50, 100758. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2020.100758

[24] Zhang, Y., Ardasheva, Y., 2024. Trait emotional intelligence and foreign language performance: Associations with academic self-efficacy and foreign language anxiety. Frontiers in Education. 9, 1419328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1419328

[25] Liu, X., Wang, C., 2025. Emotional factor matters in language learning? A meta-analysis of emotional intelligence on language achievement. Frontiers in Psychology. 16, 1502112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1502112

[26] Siegel, D.J., 2007. The Mindful Brain: Reflection and Attunement in the Cultivation of Well-Being. Norton: New York, NY, USA.

[27] Borg, S., 2003. Teacher cognition in language teaching: A review of research on what language teachers think, know, believe, and do. Language Teaching. 36(2), 81–109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444803001903

[28] Hen, M., Sharabi-Nov, A., 2014. Teaching the teachers: Emotional intelligence training for teachers. Teaching Education. 25(4), 375–390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10476210.2014.908838

[29] Wang, X., Gao, Y., Sun, F., et al., 2024. Unveiling the tapestry of teacher belief research: Tracing the present and forging the future through bibliometric analysis. Current Psychology. 43, 15659–15672. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05546-5

[30] Pusparini, R., Widiati, U., Susanti, A., 2021. Pre-service teachers’ beliefs about English language teaching and learning in EFL classroom: A review of literature. Journal of English Educators Society. 6(1), 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v6i1.1212

[31] Greiner, C.M., Park, J., Goldstein, S.E., 2022. Teacher trainees' experiences with and beliefs about responding to students' challenging life events. Teaching and Teacher Education. 111, 103603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2021.103603

[32] Šipošová, M., Švábová, L., 2022. The impact of the continuum of an education programme on pre-service teachers’ beliefs about English language education. Journal of language and Education. 8(1), 148–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2022.13288

[33] Harendita, M.E., 2017. What governs their practices? A study on pre-service English teachers’ beliefs. Language and Language Teaching Journal. 20(1), 49–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2017.200106

[34] Horwitz, E.K., 1987. Surveying student beliefs about language learning. In: Rubin, J., Wenden, A. (eds.). Learner Strategies in Language Learning. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA. pp. 119–129.

[35] Petrides, K.V., Furnham, A., 2001. Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality. 15(6), 425–448. DOI: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/per.416

[36] Ghanizadeh, A., Moafian, F., 2010. The role of EFL teachers’ emotional intelligence in their success. Teaching and Teacher Education. 26(4), 745–752. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccp084

[37] Pishghadam, R., 2009. Emotional and verbal intelligences in language learning. Iranian Journal of Language Studies. 3(1), 43–64. Available from: https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A15%3A641567/detailv2?sid=ebsco%3Aplink%3Ascholar&id=ebsco%3Agcd%3A39341713&crl=c&link_origin=scholar.google.com.ec

[38] Zarezadeh, T., 2013. The effect of emotional intelligence in English language learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 84, 1286–1289. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.745

[39] Moafian, F., Ghanizadeh, A., 2009. The relationship between Iranian EFL teachers’ emotional intelligence and their self-efficacy in language institutes. System. 37(4), 708–718. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2009.09.014

[40] Alavinia, P., Ebrahimpour, S., 2012. On the correlation between emotional intelligence and learning styles: The case of Iranian academic EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. 2(6), 1291–1299. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.6.1291-1299

[41] Rastegar, M., Karami, M.N., 2013. On the relationship between emotional intelligence and learning styles: The case of Iranian EFL university students. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. 3(4), 772–776. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.3.2.389-396

[42] Bernat, E., Gvozdenko, I., 2005. Beliefs about language learning: Current knowledge, pedagogical implications, and new research directions. TESL-EJ. 9(1), 1–21. Available from: http://tesl-ej.org/ej33/a1.html (cited 10 May 2025)

[43] Barcelos, A.M.F., Kalaja, P., 2011. Introduction to beliefs about SLA revisited. System. 39(3), 281–289. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2011.07.001

[44] Shao, K., Yu, W., Ji, Z., 2013. An exploration of Chinese EFL students’ emotional intelligence and foreign language anxiety. The Modern Language Journal. 97(4), 917–929. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2013.12042.x

[45] Santos, J.C., Luque-Agulló, G., 2025. Beliefs and practices of Ecuadorian EFL preservice teachers about teaching speaking skills. Profile: Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development. 27(2), 137–153. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v27n2.116833

[46] Kadhim, H.S., Sadiq, S.M., 2025. Emotional intelligence in language learning: Implications for teaching. International Journal of Social Science and Education Research. 7(1), 269–277. DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.33545/26649845.2025.v7.i1d.212

[47] Dick-Bursztyn, M., 2023. The influence of emotional intelligence awareness on the teaching experiences of university teacher trainees: A quantitative and qualitative analysis. Studia Anglica Resoviensia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15584/sar.2023.20.1

Downloads

How to Cite

Santos, J. C. dos, & Martínez Hernández, A. (2025). Emotional Intelligence and Beliefs about English Language Learning: A Case Study with Pre-service Teachers. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(12), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i12.11270