Corpus-Based Analysis of Three-Word Lexical Bundles in Kazakh

Authors

  • Gulnar Adebietkyzy Sarseke

    Kazakh Linguistics Department, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 000001, Kazakhstan
  • Aigerim Yerzhanovna Khopur

    Kazakh Linguistics Department, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 000001, Kazakhstan
  • Bibigul Yersainovna Akmagambetova

    Kazakh Language and Literature Department, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavlovsk 640000,Kazakhstan
  • Samal Yerbolovna Kaliyeva

    Foundation Department, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 000001, Kazakhstan
  • Amangul Muratkyzy Adilbek

    Department of Practical Kazakh Language, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 000001, Kazakhstan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i11.11567
Received: 9 August 2025 | Revised: 1 September 2025 | Accepted: 9 September 2025 | Published Online: 27 October 2025

Abstract

Teaching Kazakh as a second language for academic purposes presents various challenges, including a lack of suitable teaching materials. There are currently no textbooks or syllabi that provide authentic and academic specific language for learners of Kazakh. One way to address this gap is through corpus-based studies, which help identify frequently used lexical bundles. Lexical bundles are recurrent word combinations that appear frequently in academic discourse, playing a crucial role in achieving fluency and mastering academic language conventions. Understanding these bundles can help learners develop language skills in academic Kazakh. This study identifies and analyzes the 100 most frequent three-word lexical bundles in academic Kazakh, focusing on their functional roles. The research is based on a corpus of 600 academic texts written by native speakers of Kazakh across six disciplines: 'Archeology and Ethnology', 'Translation Studies', 'Theology',  'Philology', 'Philosophy' , and 'Oriental Studies'. The obtained lexical bundles are categorized into three main functional types: referential expressions, stance expressions, and discourse organizers. The findings reveal distinct patterns in the use of lexical bundles in academic Kazakh, highlighting how authors structure arguments, establish textual cohesion, and express their stance. This study contributes to the understanding of main lexical bundles in academic Kazakh, offering valuable insights for language instructors, curriculum developers, and researchers. The results can inform the development of academic writing resources, support syllabus design, and enhance instructional approaches in teaching Kazakh as a second language for academic purposes.

Keywords:

Lexical Bundles; Academic Kazakh; Second Language; Language Teaching; Functional Category; Structural Type

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How to Cite

Sarseke, G. A., Khopur, A. Y., Akmagambetova, B. Y., Kaliyeva, S. Y., & Adilbek, A. M. (2025). Corpus-Based Analysis of Three-Word Lexical Bundles in Kazakh. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(11), 1195–1210. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i11.11567

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Vol. 7 , Iss. 11 (November 2025)

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Copyright © 2025 Gulnar Adebietkyzy Sarseke, Aigerim Yerzhanovna Khopur, Bibigul Yersainovna Akmagambetova, Samal Yerbolovna Kaliyeva, Amangul Muratkyzy Adilbek

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