Sonority Is Not Sufficient: Syllabification and Syllable Patterns in Jordanian Ammani Arabic

Authors

  • Mohammed Nour Abu Quba

    University of Sharjah, Sharjah University City, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates

  • Abdallah Abu Qub'a

    English Language Center, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i3.6566
Received: 9 May 2024 | Revised: 25 May 2024 | Accepted: 10 June 2024 | Published Online: 15 July 2024

Abstract

This study presents a novel approach to syllabification and syllable structure in Jordanian Ammani Arabic (JAA), addressing challenges posed by complex syllable patterns and codas. We show that sonority principles alone, as suggested by earlier research, cannot account for syllable structure in JAA. We introduce a new constraint, the Coda Cluster Requirement (CodaReq), which governs the occurrence of coda clusters in JAA, considering factors such as sonority, markedness, and morphological ones. We propose an algorithm that is better able to syllabify JAA complex syllables, adopting mora sharing and semisyllables, which maintain bimoraicity while accounting for complex onsets and codas. We also show that JAA exhibits characteristics of both VC and C dialects, suggesting an intermediate classification. The proposed algorithm may be extended to account for other Arabic dialects.

Keywords:

Jordanian Ammani Arabic; Moraic theory; Semisyllables; Syllable structure; Syllabification algorithm

References

Abu Abbas, K.H., 2003. Topics in the Phonology of Jordanian Arabic: An Optimality Theory Perspective [PhD thesis]. KS: University of Kansas.

Abu Guba, M.N., 2016. Phonological Adaptation of English Loanwords in Ammani Arabic [PhD thesis]. Manchester: University of Salford.

Abu Guba, M.N., 2018a. Stress assignment in polysyllabic words in Levantine Arabic: An Optimality-Theoretic analysis. Lingua Posnaniensis, 60(2), 7–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2018-0009

Abu Guba, M.N., 2018b. Syllable structure and syllabification of English loanwords in Ammani Arabic: A Stratal Optimality-Theoretic analysis. In: Petykó, M., Rossi, O., Yu, S. (eds). Papers from the Lancaster University Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics and Language Teaching. pp. 19-55.

Abu Guba, M.N., 2021. Gemination within English loanwords in Ammani Arabic: An optimality-theoretic analysis. Journal of Linguistics, 57(1), 3–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022226720000183

Abu Guba, M.N., 2023. Foot duration and polysyllabic shortening among Arab speakers of English. Loquens: Phonetics Laboratory Journal, 9(1–2), 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2022.e091

Abu Guba, M.N., Jarbou, S., Qub'a, A.A., 2023 Levels of prosodic prominence in Arabic: The case of function words. Al-'Arabiyya: Journal of the American Association of Teachers of Arabic, 55-56, 1–36.

Abu Guba, M.N., Mashaqba, B., Huneety, A., 2023. Polysyllabic shortening in Modern Standard Arabic. Journal of Semitic Studies, 68(2), 759–770. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgac030

Abu Guba, M.N., Fareh, S., Yagi, S., 2023. Speech rhythm in English and Arabic: A contrastive review. International Journal of Arabic-English Studies, 23(1), 183–202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.23.1.10

Abu Salim, I., 1982. A Reanalysis of Some Aspects of Palestinian Arabic: A Metrical Approach [PhD thesis]. Urbana: University of Illinois.

Al Bay, N., 2001. Some Aspects of a Palestinian Arabic Variant and Standard English Stress Patterns: A Metrical Approach [Master’s thesis]. Amman: University of Jordan.

Al-Huneety, A.I., Mashaqba, B.M., Al-Shdifat, K.G., et al., 2023. Multisyllabic word production by Jordanian Arabic speaking children. Speech, Language and Hearing, 26(4), 249–265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2050571x.2023.2189377

Al Sughayer, K., 1990. Aspects of Comparative Jordanian and Modern Standard Arabic Phonology [PhD thesis]. MI: Michigan State University.

Amer, F.H., Adaileh, B.A., Rakhieh, B.A., 2011. Arabic diglossia. Argumentum, 7(2011), 19–36.

Broselow, E., 1992. Parametric variation in Arabic dialect phonology. Perspectives on Arabic linguistics IV, 85, 7–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/cilt.85.04bro

Broselow, E., Chen, S.I., Huffman, M., 1997. Syllable weight: convergence of phonology and phonetics. Phonology, 14(1), 47–82. Available from: https://www.stonybrook.edu/commcms/linguistics/faculty/ellen.broselow/files/BCH1997.pdf (cited 8 February 2024).

Btoosh, M.A., 2006. Constraint interactions in Jordanian Arabic phonotactics: An optimality-theoretic approach. Journal of Language and Linguistics, 5(2), 102–221.

Clements, G.N., 1990. The role of the sonority cycle in core syllabification. In: Kingston, J., Beckman, M.E. (eds). Papers in Laboratory Phonology. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. pp. 283–333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511627736.017

Davis, S., Ragheb, M., 2014. Geminate representation in Arabic. Perspectives on Arabic linguistics, 24, 3–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/sal.1.04dav

Farwaneh, S., 1995. Directionality Effects in Arabic Dialect Syllable Structure [PhD thesis]. UT: University of Utah.

Goad, H., 2011. The representation of sC clusters. In: van Oostendorp, M., Ewen, C. J., Hume, B., et al. (eds). The Blackwell companion to phonology. John Wiley and Sons: NJ. pp. 1–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0038

Harms, R. T., 1978. Some nonrules of English. In: Jazayery M., Polomé E., Winter W. (Eds.), Volume 2 Descriptive Linguistics. De Gruyter Mouton: Berlin . pp. 39–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110800432.39

Hayes, B., 1989. Compensatory lengthening in moraic phonology. Linguistic inquiry, 20(2), 253–306.‏

Kiparsky, P., 2003. Syllables and Moras in Arabic. In Féry, C., van de Vijver. R. (eds). The Syllable in Optimality Theory. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. pp. 147–182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511497926.007

Mashaqba, B.M., Al-Shdifat, K.G., Al-Huneety, A.I., et al., 2019. Acquisition of Syllable Structure in Jordanian Arabic. Communication Sciences & Disorders, 24(4), 953–967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.19657

Mashaqba, B., Huneety, A., Abu Guba, M.N., et al., 2022. Production of gutturals by non-native speakers of Arabic. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 12(2), 334–347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v12i2.26143

Parker, S., 2011. Sonority. In: van Oostendorp, M., Ewen, C., Hume, E., et al. (eds). The Blackwell Companion to Phonology. John Wiley and Sons Ltd: NJ. pp. 1160–1184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0049

Watson, J.C.E., 2002. The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic. Oxford University Press: UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199257591.001.0001

Watson, J.C.E., 2007. Syllabification patterns in Arabic dialects: Long segments and mora sharing. Phonology, 24(2), 335–356. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952675707001224

Downloads

How to Cite

Abu Quba, M. N., & Abu Qub’a, A. (2024). Sonority Is Not Sufficient: Syllabification and Syllable Patterns in Jordanian Ammani Arabic. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 6(3), 374–386. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i3.6566

Issue

Article Type

Article