Linguistic Analysis of Gender Representations in Magazine Advertisements: Breaking the Semiotic Codes

Authors

  • Luqman M Rababah

    English Department, Jadara University, Irbid 21110, Jordan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i4.8521
Received: 22 January 2025 | Revised: 13 March 2025 | Accepted: 21 March 2025 | Published Online: 2 April 2025

Abstract

This research examines gender representation in Jordanian magazine speech using the terms Jameela (beautiful), Rozana (rose), and Mustakilah (independent). This qualitative study explores these terms’ language patterns, contextual meanings, and gender representation implications. The study corpus includes 2021–2022 Jordanian magazines of diverse genres and demographics. Document analysis examines linguistic and gender themes in the text. The study’s collocational patterns for each term illuminate magazine discourse’s connections and meanings. Jameela is associated with aesthetic and feminine qualities including beauty, fashion, elegance, and grace. Rozana’s collocates include love, scent, delicacy, and flower, emphasizing femininity and romance. Mustakilah emphasizes women’s agency and autonomy through promoting independence, empowerment, ambition, and self-reliance. These results match gender representation studies on print advertisements and leisure publications. Language reinforces gender stereotypes and social norms. This research illuminates Jordanian magazine discourse’s gender portrayal and linguistic peculiarities. This study challenges prejudices, promotes gender equality, and creates more inclusive narratives by critically evaluating media gender depiction’s language components. The research emphasizes media literacy and awareness to counteract prejudices and empower women by recognizing cultural and socioeconomic factors in gender depictions. The results advance gender representation studies in Jordanian media.

Keywords:

Gender Representation; Gender-relevant Nouns; Collocational Patterns; Contextual Meaning; Societal Expectations; Femininity; Gender Stereotypes; Social Norm; Media Discourse

References

[1] Vrontis, D., Makrides, A., Christofi, M., et al., 2021. Social media influencer marketing: A systematic review, integrative framework, and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies. 45(4), 617–644.

[2] Rababah, L. M., 2025. An experimental study of the effectiveness of role-play in improving fluency in Jordanian EFL students' speaking skills. World Journal of English Language. 15(4), 30–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n4p30

[3] Krijnen, T., Van Bauwel, S., 2021. Gender and media: Representing, producing, consuming. ‎Routledge: London, UK.

[4] Rababah, L.M., 2025. Attitudes of engineering students towards English courses at Jadara University in Jordan. World Journal of English Language. 15(2), 240–249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v15n2p240

[5] Ward, L.M., Grower, P., 2020. Media and the development of gender role stereotypes. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology. 2(1), 177–199.

[6] Rababah, L., Almwajeh, M., 2024. Gender-specific anxiety in Jordanian EFL settings: Findings from the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics.11(2).

[7] Rababah, L.M., Rababah, M.A., Haddad, M.T., et al., 2024. A Linguistic and Cultural Analysis of British Football Club Nicknames. Forum for Linguistic Studies. 6(6), 1164–1174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i6.7495

[8] Rababah, L.M., 2025. EFL learning in the digital era: Navigating language and culture in Jordanian universities. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. 1140, 419–437.

[9] Asr, F.T., Mazraeh, M., Lopes, A., et al., 2021. The gender gap tracker: Using natural language processing to measure gender bias in media. PloS One. 16(1), 24–55.

[10] Smith, J., 2020. Gender portrayal in print advertisements: A systematic review of empirical studies. Journal of Communication. 45(3), 321–336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12214

[11] Collins, R.L. 2011. Content analysis of gender roles in media: Where are we now and where should we go? Sex Roles. 64(3), 290–298.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-010-9929-5

[12] Chen, Y., Lee, J., 2018. The construction of beauty: A comparative analysis of female representation in Chinese and Western fashion magazines. Feminist Media Studies. 18(4), 589–605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2017.1384125

[13] Li, M., Lee, S., 2017. Gender portrayal in television advertisements: A comparative study of China and South Korea. Asian Journal of Communication. 27(6), 592–610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2017.1350573

[14] González-Fernández, A., Barrios-Beltrán, M., 2016. Gender portrayals in magazine advertisements: A cross-cultural analysis of Spanish and US media. Journal of Gender Studies. 25(4), 456–472.

[15] Al-Khawaldeh, N., Al-Nusairat, R., Rababah, L.M., et al., 2024. The ideology of tolerance in King Abdullah’s speeches: A critical discourse analysis study. International Journal of Arabic-English Studies. 24(2), 17–34.

[16] Bani Amer, M.I., Rababah, L.M., Rababah, M.A., 2025. Exploring ChatGPT as a tool for thesis writing: Perspectives of EFL supervisors in Jordanian universities. Journal of Language Teaching and Research. 16(1), 35–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1601.04

[17] Alcalde-Rubio, L., Hernández-Aguado, I., Parker, L.A., et al., 2020. Gender disparities in clinical practice: Are there any solutions? Scoping review of interventions to overcome or reduce gender bias in clinical practice. International Journal for Equity in Health. 19, 1–8.

[18] Rababah, L.M., Rababah, M.A., 2024. Online social learning and instructional presence: Enhancing English education at a Jordanian university. Forum for Linguistic Studies. 6(6), 729–741. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i6.7430

[19] Harara, N.M., Amarneh, E.F., Al Hammouri, R.N., et al., 2024. The effect of Osborn’s model on developing students’ rhetoric concepts. Journal of Language Teaching and Research. 15(4), 1072–1082.

[20] Amaireh, H. A., Rababah, L. M., 2024. Bidenian and Harrisian Metaphors: A Corpus-Based Analysis of Joe Biden and Kamala Harris’ Political Discourse. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages & Literatures. 16(3), 651–671. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.16.3.5

[21] Al-Khasawneh, F., Huwari, I., Alqaryouti, M., et al., 2024. Factors affecting learner autonomy in the context of English language learning. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan. 43(1), 140–153.

[22] Malkawi, N.A.M., Rababah, L.M., Erkir, S., et al., 2024. Effectiveness of English e-learning classes: University students’ perspectives. Journal of Language Teaching and Research. 15(6), 1978–1987.

[23] Al-Mazari, W.Y., Rababah, L.M., 2024. Flouting Grice’s Maxims in a Jordanian TV talk show. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages & Literatures. 16(2), 443–460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.16.2.9

[24] Almwajeh, M., Rababah, L.M., 2024. Physically Exiled, Spiritually Returning: A Comparative Reading of Beckett’s Murphy and a Selection of Poems by Darwish. International Journal of Arabic-English Studies (IJAES), 24(1), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes.v24i1.549

[25] Al Khazaleh, S., 2020. A Content Analysis of the Authenticity of the Reading Texts in the Seventh Grade EFL Book in Jordan. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching.

[26] Rababah, L., 2024. Language Processing Abilities in a Multilingual Context: The Role of Linguistic Background among Students in Amman. Jordan. Psycholinguistics. 35(2), 157–179.

[27] Rababah, L., 2023. Examining speech acts in Jordanian advertising. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies. 10(5), 212–223.

[28] Haider, A.S., Olimy, S.S., Al-Abbas, L.S., 2021. Media coverage of Syrian female refugees in Jordan and Lebanon. Sage Open. 11(1), 2158244021994811.

Downloads

How to Cite

Rababah, L. M. (2025). Linguistic Analysis of Gender Representations in Magazine Advertisements: Breaking the Semiotic Codes. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(4), 296–306. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i4.8521