-
5440
-
5253
-
2050
-
1968
-
1626
The Lexical Field as a Form of Fusion between the Author, Narrator, and Character in Ismail Kadare’s Novel “The Inhibited”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i4.8864Abstract
This paper examines the linguistic strategies employed by Ismail Kadare in one of his most significant literary works, focusing in particular on the dynamic relationship the author establishes with his own narrative. Central to this relationship is the infiltration of the narrative voice into what is termed “enunciation,” whereby the boundaries between author, extradiegetic narrator, and character become blurred. The study aims to investigate a phenomenon increasingly evident in 21st-century literature: the merging of narrative voices as a reflection of the re-emergence of the author within the fictional text. In Kadare’s prose, the discursive framework reveals innovative modes of organizing narrative discourse, guided by an inherent tendency toward osmosis—a gradual and deliberate interpenetration of the author’s voice into that of his characters. Within the broader inquiry into narrator-character dynamics, each mode of discourse functions as a distinct narrative conduit. Among these, the lexical field becomes a privileged site where the dissolution of boundaries among author, narrator, and character underscores the fluidity and multiplicity of perspectives. We argue that Kadare’s linguistic strategies signal a shift from conceiving language as a fixed mirror of reality to embracing a more dynamic, open-ended approach—one that values ambiguity and harnesses the generative potential of discourse as both a creative and interpretive force.
Keywords:
Discourse Analysis; Discourse; Narrative; Narrator; Character; Discourse StructureReferences
[1] Barthes, R., 1988. Barthes R. La morte dell’autore (The Death of the Author). In: Il brusio della lingua (The Rustle of Language). Torino: Einaud. pp. 51–56. (in Italian)
[2] Pieper, V. Author and narrator: Observations on “Die Wahlverwandtschaften”. In: Birke, D., Köppe, T. (eds). Author and Narrator: Transdisciplinary Contributions to a Narratological Debate. De Gruyter: Berlin & München, Germany.
[3] Margolin, U., 2014. Narrator. In: Hühn, P., Pier, J., Schmid. W. (eds.). Handbook of Narratology. De Gruyter: Berlin, Germany. p. 673.
[4] Shen, D., Unreliability. In: Hühn, P., Meister, J.C., Pier, J., et al. (eds). 2014. Handbook of Narratology. De Gruyter: Berlin, Germany. pp. 800–811.
[5] Eckardt, R., Speakers and narrators. 2015. In: Birke, D., Köppe, T. (eds.). Author and Narrator. De Gruyter: Berlin, Germany. pp. 153–186.
[6] Kania, A., 2005. Against the ubiquity of fictional narrator. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism. 63(1), 47–54.
[7] Elsie, R., 1995. Një fund dhe një fillim (An End and a Beginning): Vëzhgime mbi letërsinë dhe kulturën shqiptare bashkëkohore (Observations on Contemporary Albanian Literature and Culture). Translated by: Myftiu A. Prishtina (Kosovo): Buzuku. p. 65. (in Albanian)
[8] Bosquet, A., 2009. Darka e gabuar (The Wrong Dinner). Tiranë (Albania): Onufri. (in Albanian)
[9] Kuçuku, B., Kryeziu, J., 2020. Enciklopedi Kadareane (Kadarean Encyclopedia). Tiranë (Albania): Onufri. (in Albanian)
[10] Shella, M., 2015. Struktura ligjërimore në prozën bashkëkohore shqiptare (Discursive Structure in Contemporary Albanian Prose) [PhD thesis]. Tiranë (Albania): University of Tirana. pp. 174–180. (in Albanian) Available from: https://unitir.edu.al/doktoratura-mirela-shella-fakulteti-i-histori-filologjise-departamenti-i-letersise-2/
[11] Kryeziu, J., 2015. Narratori dhe narracioni në prozën e Ismail Kadaresë (Narrator and Narration in the Prose of Ismail Kadare) [PhD thesis]. Tiranë (Albania): University of Tirana; pp. 55–65. (in Albanian). Available from: https://unitir.edu.al/doktoratura-jorina-kryeziu-fakulteti-i-histori-filologjise-departamenti-i-letersise-2/
[12] Kaplan, T.J., 1986. The narrative structure of policy analysis. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 5(4), 761–778.
[13] Wittgenstein, L., 1922. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Transl. Ogden, C.K. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co.: London, UK. pp. 5–6.
[14] Bakhtin, M., 1990. Discourse in the novel. In: Holquist, M. (ed.). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays. Transl. Emerson, C., Holquist, M. University of Texas: Austin, TX, USA. p. 293.
[15] Ryan, M.-L., 1981. The pragmatics of personal and impersonal fiction. Poetics. 10(6), 517–539.
[16] Genette, G., 2014. Diskursi i ri i rrëfimit (The New Discourse of Narrative). Tiranë (Albania): DyLindje & Dy Perëndime; pp. 31, 35, 38. (in Albanian)
[17] Cohn, D., 1999. The Distinction of Fiction. Baltimore. The Johns Hopkins University Press: London, UK. p. 180.
[18] Halliday, M.A.K., Matthiessen, C.M.I., 2004. An Introduction to Functional Grammar, 3rd ed. Arnold: London, UK. p. 23.
[19] Martínez-Bonati, F., 1981. Fictive discourse and the structures of literature: A phenomenological approach. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. p. 85.
[20] Bulo, J., 1998. Magjia dhe magjistarët e fjalës (The Magic and the Magicians of the Word). Tiranë (Albania): Dituria. p. 19. (in Albanian)
[21] Kadare, I., 2009. The Inhibited. Onufri: Tiranë, Albania. pp. 10–11, 68–69, 78–81, 89, 92.
[22] Çaushi, T., Shkurtaj, G., 2004. Kadareja dhe fjala shqipe (Kadare and the Albanian Language). Tiranë (Albania); Tetovë (North Macedonia); Prishtinë (Kosovo): Onufri. (in Albanian)
[23] Rusi, E., 2022. Fantastic literature against propaganda in Ismail Kadare’s novels. Analele Universităţii din Craiova, Seria Ştiinţe Filologice, Limbi Străine Aplicate. 2022(1), 205–218.
[24] Rusi, E., 2023. The Fantastic as a Literary Paradigm in 20th-century Albanian Literature – A Monographic Study. Academy of Sciences of Albania: Tirana, Albania. p. 23.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Article Type
License
Copyright © 2025 Mirela Shella , Valbona Kalo, Eris Rusi

This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License.