Linguistic Registers and Social Identity in Contemporary Xhosa Music: A Comparative Study of Zahara's Inameva and Big Xhosa's Ninyile

Authors

  • Benjamin Obeghare Izu

    Department of Languages and Literature, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa
  • Zakhile Somlata

    Department of Languages and Literature, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha 6001, South Africa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i12.9925
Received: 31 July 2025 | Revised: 28 October 2025 | Accepted: 30 October 2025 | Published Online: 21 November 2025

Abstract

Language in music serves as a tool for identity construction and cultural expression, especially in societies where many languages are spoken. It helps people express their identity and connect with their heritage through words and melodies. This study investigates linguistic registers and social identity in contemporary Xhosa music through a comparative analysis of Zahara's Inameva and Big Xhosa's Ninyile. This study employed register theory and social identity theory as theoretical frameworks to examine how these artists employ distinct linguistic styles to align with different cultural and generational audiences. This study employed a qualitative approach, utilising linguistic and discourse analysis to examine lexical choices, syntax, and stylistic elements used in both songs. The findings reveal that Inameva uses formal isiXhosa register, poetic patterns, and traditional proverbs, reinforcing cultural preservation and appealing to older audiences or listeners. Ninyile uses urban slang, informal registers, and hip-hop styles, which resonate with younger audiences and urban identity groups. This study also examines how linguistic registers' variation in Xhosa music influences its role in language preservation or transformation. It suggests that while changes in language within Xhosa music mirror broader social developments, it also highlights the balance between keeping traditions alive and embracing new ideas. This research contributes to discussions on language sustainability, maintaining cultural identity, and how music shapes linguistic practices.

Keywords:

Xhosa Music; Linguistic Registers; Social Identity; Language Variation; Contemporary Music; Zahara; Big Xhosa

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Izu, B. O., & Somlata, Z. (2025). Linguistic Registers and Social Identity in Contemporary Xhosa Music: A Comparative Study of Zahara’s Inameva and Big Xhosa’s Ninyile. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(12), 1549–1563. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i12.9925

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Vol. 7 , Iss. 12 (December 2025): In progress

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