Uses of Different Techniques for the Production of Sustainable Soil and Food

Authors

  • Sahrish Khan Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jrb.v2i4.2325

Abstract

Due to the rapid increase in population, it is estimated that the human population will increase to 9.7 billion in 2050. Hence the demand for food production will also increase. That is why there is a need to solve problems regarding food production. Major problems in food production are the shortage of land due to bad soil structure and quality of the soil. Soil erosion is one of the major issues caused by the use of different chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers that mainly used for plant growth and protection, but at the same time, they also pollute the soil. Therefore, new technology is needed for improving the soil structure, quality, fertility and its decontamination, that should be eco-friendly having no adverse effects on the environment. In this study, the role of different techniques like genetic engineering, Nanotechnologies, soil and crop management strategies, integrated pest control management strategies, sustainable remediation techniques, microbial management strategies and the different management strategies are taken into account. All these techniques aim to produce plants and microbes that are effective against plant disease management. The aim is to use nano agrochemicals and nanosensors for sensing environmental and pathogen conditions against disease management. The primary purpose is to develop disease resistance in plants and to provide balanced nutrient supplements to the soil for the improvement of soil condition and its fertility. These techniques are of economic importance owing to the use of the nano agrochemicals that have low cost, are more effective and also reduce the use of chemical substances that have an adverse effect on soil fertility. Many sustainable remediation techniques used for decontamination of soil are also discussed. The main focus of this study is to improve and increase soil fertility for enhancing the growth of the plants as well as the production of crops. Stress and degradation resistance microbes are found to be essential factors for the protection of soil from degradation or contamination in this study. All the techniques which are used in this paper have no adverse effect on the environment and are also helpful in developing stress resistance.

Keywords:

Sustainable soil; Food; Genetic engineering; Nanotechnology; Bioremediation

References

[1] Lobell DB, Burke MB, Tebaldi C, Mastrandrea MD, Falcon WP, Naylor RL. Prioritizing climate change adaptation needs for food security in 2030. Science, 2008, 319(5863): 607-610.

[2] Borlaug N. Feeding a hungry world. In: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2007.

[3] Kiers ET, Leakey RR, Izac A-M, Heinemann JA, Rosenthal E, Nathan D, Jiggins J. Agriculture at a crossroads. Science-New York Then Washington-, 2008, 320(5874): 320.

[4] FAO F. The future of food and agriculture-Trends and challenges. Annual Report, 2017.

[5] Tilman D, Balzer C, Hill J, Befort BL. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 2011, 108(50): 20260-20264.

[6] Faostat. FAO Statistical Pocketbook 2015 World Food and Agriculture. In: FAO Rome, 2015.

[7] Pimentel D. Soil erosion: a food and environmental threat. Environment, development and sustainability, 2006, 8(1): 119-137.

[8] Bossio D, Geheb K, Critchley W. Managing water by managing land: Addressing land degradation to improve water productivity and rural livelihoods. Agricultural Water Management, 2010, 97(4): 536-542.

[9] Owen D, Williams AP, Griffith GW, Withers PJ. Use of commercial bio-inoculants to increase agricultural production through improved phosphrous acquisition. Applied Soil Ecology, 2015, 86: 41-54.

[10] Trivedi P, Pandey A, Palni LMS. Bacterial inoculants for field applications under mountain ecosystem: present initiatives and future prospects. In. Bacteria in agrobiology: Plant probiotics. Springer, 2012: 15- 44.

[11] Carvajal-Muñoz J, Carmona-Garcia C. Benefits and limitations of biofertilization in agricultural practices. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2012, 24(3): 1-8.

[12] Zechner E, De La Cruz F, Eisenbrandt R, Grahn A, Koraimann G, Lanka E, Muth G, Pansegrau W, Thomas C, Wilkins B. Conjugative-DNA transfer processes. The horizontal gene pool: bacterial plasmids and gene spread, 2000, 23: 419

[13] Ochman H, Lawrence JG, Groisman EA. Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation. Nature, 2000, 405(6784): 299-304.

[14] Wang Y, Xiao M, Geng X, Liu J, Chen J. Horizontal transfer of genetic determinants for degradation of phenol between the bacteria living in plant and its rhizosphere. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2007, 77(3): 733-739.

[15] Maheshwari M, Abulreesh HH, Khan MS, Ahmad I, Pichtel J. Horizontal gene transfer in soil and the rhizosphere: Impact on ecological fitness of bacteria. In. Agriculturally Important Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, 2017: 111-130.

[16] Heinemann JA, Traavik T. Problems in monitoring horizontal gene transfer in field trials of transgenic plants. Nature Biotechnology, 2004, 22(9): 1105- 1109.

[17] Vincelli P. Genetic engineering and sustainable crop disease management: opportunities for case-by-case decision-making. Sustainability, 2016, 8(5): 495.

[18] Beura K, Rakshit A. 2013. Bt cotton influencing enzymatic activities under varied soils. Open Journal of Ecology, 2013.

[19] Kunito T, Ihyo Y, Miyahara H, Seta R, Yoshida S, Kubo H, Nagaoka K, Sakai M, Saeki K. Soil properties affecting adsorption of plasmid DNA and its transformation efficiency in Escherichia coli. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2016, 52(2): 223-231.

[20] Morrissey EM, McHugh TA, Preteska L, Hayer M, Dijkstra P, Hungate BA, Schwartz E. Dynamics of extracellular DNA decomposition and bacterial community composition in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2015, 86: 42-49.

[21] Cai P, Huang Q, Chen W, Zhang D, Wang K, Jiang D, Liang W. Soil colloids-bound plasmid DNA: effect on transformation of E. coli and resistance to DNase I degradation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2007, 39(5): 1007-1013.

[22] Mandal A, Sarkar B, Owens G, Thakur J, Manna M, Niazi NK, Jayaraman S, Patra AK. Impact of genetically modified crops on rhizosphere microorganisms and processes: a review focusing on Bt cotton. Applied Soil Ecology, 2020, 148: 103492.

[23] Cui Y, Wei Q, Park H, Lieber CM. Nanowire nanosensors for highly sensitive and selective detection of biological and chemical species. Science, 2001, 293(5533): 1289-1292.

[24] Elmer WH, White JC. The use of metallic oxide nanoparticles to enhance growth of tomatoes and eggplants in disease infested soil or soilless medium. Environmental Science: Nano, 2016, 3(5): 1072- 1079.

[25] Rossi L, Zhang W, Ma X. Cerium oxide nanoparticles alter the salt stress tolerance of Brassica napus L. by modifying the formation of root apoplastic barriers. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 229: 132-138.

[26] Pandey K, Lahiani MH, Hicks VK, Hudson MK, Green MJ, Khodakovskaya M. Effects of carbon-based nanomaterials on seed germination, biomass accumulation and salt stress response of bioenergy crops. PloS one, 2018, 13(8): e0202274.

[27] Deng R, Lin D, Zhu L, Majumdar S, White JC, Gardea-Torresdey JL, Xing B. Nanoparticle interactions with co-existing contaminants: joint toxicity, bioaccumulation and risk. Nanotoxicology, 2017, 11(5): 591-612.

[28] Kah M, Tufenkji N, White JC. Nano-enabled strategies to enhance crop nutrition and protection. Nature nanotechnology, 2019, 14(6): 532-540.

[29] Rodrigues SM, Demokritou P, Dokoozlian N, Hendren CO, Karn B, Mauter MS, Sadik OA, Safarpour M, Unrine JM, Viers J. Nanotechnology for sustainable food production: promising opportunities and scientific challenges. Environmental Science: Nano, 2017, 4(4): 767-781.

[30] Germer J, Sauerborn J, Asch F, de Boer J, Schreiber J, Weber G, Müller J.. Skyfarming an ecological innovation to enhance global food security. Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 2011, 6(2): 237.

[31] Powlson DS, Gregory PJ, Whalley WR, Quinton JN, Hopkins DW, Whitmore AP, Hirsch PR, Goulding KW. Soil management in relation to sustainable agriculture and ecosystem services. Food policy, 2011, 36: S72-S87.

[32] Keesstra S, Pereira P, Novara A, Brevik EC, Azorin-Molina C, Parras-Alcántara L, Jordán A, Cerdà A. Effects of soil management techniques on soil water erosion in apricot orchards. Science of The Total Environment, 2016, 551: 357-366.

[33] Dumanski J, Peiretti R. Modern concepts of soil conservation. International soil and water conservation research, 2013, 1(1): 19-23.

[34] Esilaba AO, Byalebeka J, Delve RJ, Okalebo J, Ssenyange D, Mbalule M, Ssali H. On farm testing of integrated nutrient management strategies in eastern Uganda. Agricultural systems, 2005, 86(2): 144-165.

[35] Shah F, Wu W. Soil and crop management strategies to ensure higher crop productivity within sustainable environments. Sustainability, 2019, 11(5): 1485.

[36] Altieri MA, Nicholls CI. Soil fertility management and insect pests: harmonizing soil and plant health in agroecosystems. Soil and Tillage Research, 2003, 72(2): 203-211.

[37] Ghorbani R, Wilcockson S, Koocheki A, Leifert C. Soil management for sustainable crop disease control: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2008, 6(3): 149-162.

[38] Mendes R, Garbeva P, Raaijmakers JM. The rhizosphere microbiome: significance of plant beneficial, plant pathogenic, and human pathogenic microorganisms. FEMS microbiology reviews, 2013, 37(5): 634- 663.

[39] Beed F, Benedetti A, Cardinali G, Chakraborty S, Dubois T, Halewood M, Garrett KA. Climate change and micro-organism genetic resources for food and agriculture: state of knowledge, risks and opportunities, 2011.

[40] Dababat AA, Erginbas Orakci G, Toumi F, Braun H-J, Morgounov A, Sikora RA. IPM to control soil-borne pests on wheat and sustainable food production. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 2018.

[41] Özkara A, Akyıl D, Konuk M. Pesticides,environmental pollution, and health. In. Environmental Health Risk-Hazardous Factors to Living Species. IntechOpen, 2016.

[42] Morillo E, Villaverde J. Advanced technologies for the remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils. Science of The Total Environment, 2017, 586: 576-597.

[43] Wang L, Li F, Zhan Y, Zhu L. Shifts in microbial community structure during in situ surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016, 23(14): 14451-14461.

[44] Sun S, Sidhu V, Rong Y, Zheng Y. Pesticide pollution in agricultural soils and sustainable remediation methods: a review. Current Pollution Reports, 2018, 4(3): 240-250.

[45] Glick BR. Beneficial plant-bacterial interactions. Springer, 2015.

[46] Glick BR. Soil microbes and sustainable agriculture. Pedosphere, 2018, 28(2): 167-169.

[47] Sen R. The root-microbe-soil interface: new tools for sustainable plant production. The New Phytologist, 2003, 157(3): 391-394.

[48] Gaind S. Microbial inoculants: an approach to sustainable agriculture. Biotech Article, 2011.

[49] Alori ET, Dare MO, Babalola OO. Microbial inoculants for soil quality and plant health. In. Sustainable agriculture reviews. Springer, 2017: 281-307.

[50] Yang J, Kloepper JW, Ryu C-M. Rhizosphere bacteria help plants tolerate abiotic stress. Trends in plant science, 2009, 14(1): 1-4.

[51] Davies PJ. Plant hormones: physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology. Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.

[52] Kumar A, Patel JS, Meena VS, Srivastava R. Recent advances of PGPR based approaches for stress tolerance in plants for sustainable agriculture. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2019, 20: 101271.

[53] Kandel SL, Joubert PM, Doty SL. Bacterial endophyte colonization and distribution within plants. Microorganisms, 2017.

[54] Bandyopadhyay K, Hati K, Singh R. Management options for improving soil physical environment for sustainable agricultural production: a brief review. Journal of Agricultural Physics, 2009, 9: 1-8.

[55] Li H, Parmar S, Sharma VK, White JF. Seed endophytes and their potential applications. In. Seed Endophytes. Springer, 2019: 35-54.

[56] Lobell DB, Burke MB, Tebaldi C, Mastrandrea MD, Falcon WP, Naylor RL. Prioritizing climate change adaptation needs for food security in 2030. Science, 2008, 319(5863): 607-610.

[57] Miliute I, Buzaite O, Baniulis D, Stanys V. Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops and their role in stress tolerance: a review. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 2015, 102(4): 465-478.

[58] Omomowo OI, Babalola OO. Bacterial and fungal endophytes: Tiny giants with immense beneficial potential for plant growth and sustainable agricultural productivity. Microorganisms, 2019, 7(11): 481.

Downloads

How to Cite

Khan, S. (2020). Uses of Different Techniques for the Production of Sustainable Soil and Food. Journal of Botanical Research, 2(4), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.30564/jrb.v2i4.2325

Issue

Vol. 2 , Iss. 4 (October 2020)

Article Type

Article
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC